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doc: new Handset-goal write-up replaces old Handset-configs
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Fri, 12 Jan 2018 01:39:11 +0000
parents doc/Handset-configs@5b1358df7e3c
children 3f1a587b3a84
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1 Work toward end user libre phone firmware
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2 =========================================
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3
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4 Phone handset firmware, i.e., fw that makes a phone device work as an untethered
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5 phone and not just a serial-cable-controlled pseudo-modem, requires a few
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6 additional layers of functionality beyond AT-command-controlled modem fw:
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7
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8 * The hardware-specific LCD driver, called R2D in TI's TCS211 program;
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9 * The actual phone UI implementation, which the cellular industry calls by the
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10 sexist term "MMI" - TI's implementation consists of two components called BMI
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11 and MFW;
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12 * Battery management (monitoring and charging);
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13 * Fairly complex on/off logic to handle all possible combinations of turn-on,
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14 turn-off, charging while "on", charging while "off", charging completed or
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15 failed but charging power source not unplugged yet.
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16
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17 The code we got from TI with the TCS211 delivery by Sotovik includes only a
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18 very rudimentary implementation of the above functions that basically amounts
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19 to nothing more than a proof of concept, and is absolutely not ready for driving
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20 a real end user phone: the UI code contains crashing and other killer bugs, the
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21 battery management driver officially endorsed by TI for the TCS211 program (LCC
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22 for "low cost" unregulated chargers) is not appropriate for phones that use
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23 simple charging circuits and regulated +5 VDC charging power sources (USB or
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24 Motorola's C1xx charging adapters), and TI's older PWR battery management
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25 driver (TI totally removed it from TCS211, but we pulled it from the older
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26 MV100 source fragments) is bitrotten and just generally broken.
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27
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28 In FreeCalypso we have developed our own battery charging and discharge
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29 monitoring driver (FCHG) that works on Mot C1xx and Pirelli DP-L10 phones in
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30 the "voice pseudo-modem" configuration (see doc/Voice-pseudo-modem), but we
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31 still have the problem of the UI, namely, the lack of one that is practically
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32 usable.
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33
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34 Because TI were in the business of making and selling chipsets rather than
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35 complete phones, proper phone UI development was something they left to their
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36 customers, and they provided only a very rough proof of concept implementation.
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37 One difficulty which we face most immediately in our effort to turn this PoC UI
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38 implementation into a practically usable one is the lack of support for our
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39 desired target display sizes. Because TI apparently did not want to become
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40 significantly involved in phone UI development, they did not provide a selection
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41 of UI layouts for different LCD sizes; instead at each given point in TI's
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42 history they only supported one display size - whatever their current
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43 development platform at each moment had on it.
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44
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45 At the time of TCS211, TI's primary development platform was called D-Sample;
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46 it consisted of a development board with the Calypso+Iota chipset on it (as
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47 well as a GSM RF section based on their older Clara RF transceiver chip) plus
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48 an attached test handset. Here are some pictures:
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49
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50 https://www.freecalypso.org/members/falcon/pictures/D-Sample/
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51
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52 The handset part of the D-Sample kit contains a 176x220 pixel color LCD, a
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53 21-button main keypad just like on Mot C1xx and Pirelli DP-L10 phones, and 3
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54 side buttons that almost match Pirelli's. This D-Sample was the main
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55 development platform for the entire TCS211 program (basically everything except
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56 the small parts specific to Rita RF for which they had their other Leonardo
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57 development boards), including the UI - the latter was made to target the
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58 176x220 pix LCD size on the D-Sample.
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59
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60 I (Mychaela) have managed to obtain one of these historical D-Sample kits (the
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61 one pictured) back in 2015, and I have a strong desire to get the TCS211 PoC UI
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62 up and running in its native 176x220 pixel size. However, the big difficulty
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63 with getting our FC Magnetite firmware running on the original D-Sample board
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64 (which, remember, is the original and most native hw target for TCS211!) is
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65 that the D-Sample has Clara RF, not Rita, and we only got a stripped semi-src
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66 version of TCS211 in which the *.c files for L1 were censored out and only
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67 *.obj blobs were supplied instead. The latter blobs target Rita RF and not
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68 Clara. We have now successfully reconstructed the lost C sources for the RF-
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69 independent and Rita-specific L1 modules, and we have l1_rf10.c for Clara RF
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70 from the MV100 source fragments, but we are still missing the tpudrv10.c module
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71 which is also required for Clara RF.
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72
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73 Back in 2015 (when I first got this D-Sample kit) running our own firmware on
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74 this historical board with an older version of the Calypso chip and with Clara
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75 RF was absolutely out of the question, but since then we have made enormous
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76 progress with our complete deblobbing of L1 and the init module and with our
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77 FC Magnetite build system, and now that tpudrv10 module is literally the only
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78 missing piece. Given these new circumstances, I plan on making some serious
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79 effort to locate the TPU driver code in the ancient 20020917 fw image that came
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80 with our DS board, and attempt to reconstruct the needed tpudrv10 code from
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81 that.
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82
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83 We also have a fallback plan: if we are not able to get our FC Magnetite
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84 firmware running on the historical TI-made D-Sample board, there is another way
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85 to get TI's TCS211 UI code running in its original 176x220 pixel size, albeit
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86 one that will require a lot of time, effort and expense: design and build our
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87 own UI development board to take the place of TI's D-Sample, combining the good
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88 version of the Calypso+Iota+Rita chipset for which we have good fw support with
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89 a 176x220 pix color LCD of our own - it is one of the industry standard sizes,
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90 so it should only be a matter of getting a semi-custom one with the right
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91 interface (16-bit parallel) and the right polarizer orientation (6 o'clock
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92 viewing direction). The proposed board would be a derivative of our current
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93 FCDEV3B, keeping the core Calypso+RF block (originally from Openmoko) completely
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94 unchanged, but adding the LCD, the keypad buttons and other handset peripherals,
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95 resulting in a Handset Motherboard Prototype - HSMBP.
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96
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97 Once we get TI's TCS211 UI running in its original 176x220 pixel size like it
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98 once ran in TI's own software development labs back in The Day, whether we do
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99 it by way of TI's original DS board or our own HSMBP, the next step will be to
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100 migrate it to the TCS2/TCS3 hybrid config, using the new versions of G23M PS
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101 and ACI components. It will also be worthwhile to see if the new version of
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102 this BMI+MFW code in the LoCosto version is any better than the one we got from
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103 Sotovik. After these preliminary steps, the UI work can bifurcate:
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104
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105 * On the one hand, it will be worthwhile to produce a size-reduced version of
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106 the UI that targets a 96x64 pixel LCD instead of 176x220 pix, but still full
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107 color - thus fitting the LCD on Mot C139/140 phones on which we already run
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108 our fw very successfully in the "voice pseudo-modem" config. We would then
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109 be able to see if a Mot C139 phone running FreeCalypso fw can be a practically
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110 usable end user phone, albeit a super-low-end one.
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111
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112 * On the other hand, it is my (Mychaela's) strong desire to have our own
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113 FreeCalypso Libre Dumbphone hardware product; running FC fw on Mot C139 just
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114 isn't enough to satisfy my ambition. My choice of LCD size for our own FC
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115 Libre Dumbphone is 176x220 pix, matching TI's D-Sample, so that the rich UI
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116 targeting this large LCD size can see the light of day as a real end user
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117 product, and my planned HSMBP board is envisioned as not only an alternative
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118 to the D-Sample, but also as the prototype motherboard for our FC Libre
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119 Dumbphone.
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120
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121 Current state of the firmware
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122 =============================
219
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123
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124 If we desire a libre phone for our pockets and purses (I do desire one for my
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125 purse), we will have to bite the bullet and do the necessary work to transform
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126 the UI and associated handset code from its current sorry state into something
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127 usable, and I have started laying a little bit of the necessary foundation for
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128 doing this work in FC Magnetite.
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129
374
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130 There is currently one Magnetite configuration (in the ./configure.sh sense)
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131 that includes the UI layers, called 2092. 2092 is TI's bizarre "product"
219
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132 number for the configuration that is just like the one we got from Sotovik
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133 (called pdt_2091), but with BMI enabled. We previously had another config
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134 called 2092-pwr that had TI's old PWR battery charging driver included, which
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135 never worked because of severe bitrot - that config has now been dropped as the
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136 regular 2092 config now includes our new and working FCHG battery charging
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137 driver.
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138
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139 If you request the 2092 configuration for a target other than c139, i.e., for
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140 fcdev3b, gtamodem or pirelli, you will get a successful build (to be pedantic,
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141 if you pick gtamodem, you'll get a link failure unless you tweak the linker
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142 script, but it's a minor nit), but if you then run that fw image on the
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143 hardware, it won't do anything good: it will try to display TI's D-Sample UI
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144 (176x220 pixels, color) on the D-Sample LCD attached to Calypso chip select
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145 nCS3, but of course neither Openmoko's modem nor the Pirelli has a D-Sample LCD
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146 on that chip select, thus the LCD output would fall into the aether. (It would
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147 be even worse in the case of the Pirelli which has the 2nd flash bank on nCS3,
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148 thus the D-Sample LCD writes could clash with the FFS code operating on that
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149 flash - so don't do it.) However, because BMI is enabled, the fw will still
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150 automatically bring up the GSM radio and register to the default network
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151 immediately upon boot like a typical UI-enabled phone does, even though the
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152 associated LCD output will be invisible. Needless to say, this configuration
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153 is not something I would ever advise actually running - but it is there in
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154 anticipation of my idea of running our fw on the original D-Sample board as
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155 described above.
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156
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157 However, if you build the 2092 config for the c139 target, the Magnetite build
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158 system will enable the same hack which was originally implemented in the
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159 tcs211-c139 side project in late 2015. Prior to the D-Sample with its fancy
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160 176x220 pix color LCD, TI's previous development platforms (C-Sample and
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161 earlier) had 84x48 pix black&white (1 bit per pixel) LCDs, and this old C-Sample
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162 LCD support is still there in TCS211, albeit in a bitrotten form that wouldn't
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163 even compile without a lot of fixing. In our late-2015 tcs211-c139 side project
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164 we had resurrected this C-Sample UI configuration, and this work has now been
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165 integrated into Magnetite. When you build Magnetite in the 2092 configuration
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166 for the c139, you will get our C139 LCD driver that pretends to be C-Sample to
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167 the upper layers, and you will get TI's old 84x48 pix B&W UI displayed on the
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168 phone's 96x64 pixel color LCD. IOW, only 84x48 out of the available 96x64
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169 pixels are used, and only 2 out of the available 65536 colors. Yes, pretty
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170 pathetic, I know.
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171
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172 Going forward, the plan is as outlined above - I wish to see this UI code run
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173 in the proper 176x220 pix color display config that once existed in TI's own
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174 development environment before I do anything else to it. I am not happy at all
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175 about having had to disable TI's D-Sample UI (the 176x220 pix color one) and
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176 resurrect the ancient pathetic C-Sample one instead, and given the long list of
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177 show-stopping bugs this UI code currently exhibits, I can never be sure which
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178 of these bugs were already there in the D-Sample config this code was made for,
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179 vs. which of these bugs could be a result of re-enabling the very bitrotten
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180 C-Sample UI config - remember, it wouldn't even compile at first.
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181
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182 Deblobbing status
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183 =================
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184
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185 The current 2092 config is based on the l1reconst modem config (see the
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186 Modem-configs write-up), i.e., the entire chipsetsw division of the fw
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187 including all of L1 and the init code in main.lib is fully rebuilt from source,
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188 but the versions of G23M PS and ACI are the original TCS211 ones, thus the G23M
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189 PS component is all blobs. In order to build a G23M-deblobbed UI-enabled
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190 config, we would need to build the UI layers (MFW and BMI) on top of the new
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191 TCS3.2 version of ACI used in the deblobbed hybrid config, and no such feat has
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192 been attempted yet. My current plan is to work in this direction after we
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193 either get our fw running on the historical D-Sample board or build our own
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194 HSMBP.