FreeCalypso > hg > fc-magnetite
annotate README @ 402:84e1e41b7812
targets/dsample.{conf,h}: configuration created
author | Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org> |
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date | Thu, 18 Jan 2018 02:18:43 +0000 |
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1 FreeCalypso Magnetite firmware project |
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2 ====================================== |
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3 |
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4 As of A.D. 2018, FC Magnetite is the primary official Calypso firmware source |
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5 tree for the FreeCalypso family of projects. This maintained and evolving |
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6 source can be built in many different configurations for several different |
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7 hardware targets, and is currently used in the following ways: |
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8 |
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9 * The official production firmwares for our fully supported GSM+GPRS modem |
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10 products (FCDEV3B and the modem part of Openmoko devices) are built from |
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11 this source tree. See doc/Modem-configs for this mode of usage. |
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12 |
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13 * The work in progress toward a future complete FreeCalypso phone handset |
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14 (also known as a Libre Dumbphone) is being done in this source tree. |
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15 See doc/Handset-goal for more info about this project direction. |
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16 |
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17 * One can play with FreeCalypso and get a taste for it using certain hardware |
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18 that used to be readily available and which most people in the phone hacking |
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19 scene already have: Motorola C1xx and Pirelli DP-L10. Firmware images of the |
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20 "hacking toy" sort can be built for these devices from the present source |
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21 tree, and one can exercise most of the functions and capabilities of |
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22 FreeCalypso (with the notable exception of CSD and GPRS) on this historical |
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23 but available-to-most-people hardware. See doc/C1xx-Howto, doc/Pirelli-Howto |
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24 and doc/Voice-pseudo-modem for more information. |
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25 |
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26 Functionality |
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27 ============= |
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28 |
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29 TI's GSM mobile station firmware architecture supports two ways in which the |
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30 GSM device may be controlled: via AT commands from an external host and/or via |
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31 a local UI on devices with LCD & keypad hardware. (I said "and/or" because the |
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32 two mechanisms can coexist.) The code we got from TI (TCS211) is very solid |
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33 and mature in the modem configuration (control via AT commands only, no UI, no |
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34 battery management, no traditional handset on/off control), but the additional |
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35 code layers that are needed for handset products but not for modems came in a |
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36 very rough "proof of concept" condition, nowhere close to a usable product. |
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37 |
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38 In FC Magnetite we further maintain and support the solid code base we got for |
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39 the modem functionality, and we are also working to improve the support for |
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40 handset products and bring it into a practically usable state. We have already |
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41 implemented an entirely new battery charging and discharge monitoring driver |
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42 that actually works on our target hw (of the two we got from TI, one was |
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43 bitrotten and the other was designed for charging hardware that is quite |
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44 different from what we are working with), and we shall hopefully start working |
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45 on the UI soon - see doc/Handset-goal for more info. |
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46 |
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47 Both TI's original modem fw (TCS211) and our recreation thereof in this |
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48 Magnetite project support not only voice calls and SMS, but also CSD, fax and |
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49 GPRS. This advanced functionality is fully supported on our own GSM MS |
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50 development board (FCDEV3B), where both Calypso UARTs are presented directly to |
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51 the developer, as well as on the embedded Calypso modem in Openmoko GTA01/02 |
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52 smartphones, where the AT command channel with CSD, fax and GPRS capabilities |
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53 is connected to the phone's application processor. |
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54 |
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55 Build system |
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56 ============ |
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57 |
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58 Even though FC Magnetite is essentially unchanged TCS211 code base and builds |
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59 using TI's proprietary TMS470 compiler under Wine, the build system is entirely |
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60 new. TI's TCS211 build system, called BuSyB, works by way of a Java tool |
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61 generating a customized makefile for each desired build configuration, based on |
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62 lots of magic contained in a big repository of XML files. There are a bunch of |
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63 Perl scripts involved as well. The Java tool that does the heavy lifting exists |
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64 only as compiled Java bytecode sans source, and the surrounding Perl scripts |
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65 aren't very understandable either. And the whole thing thoroughly assumes a |
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66 Windows environment (drive letters, backslashes, case-insensitive file system) |
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67 throughout. As a result, when working with TCS211 fw with its original build |
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68 system, we had to treat these BuSyB-generated makefiles almost as being blobs in |
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69 themselves: regenerating a makefile from XML magic required major effort, there |
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70 were some bugs in the makefile generation which we couldn't fix and thus we had |
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71 to edit the makefiles manually after each regeneration - it was an utter mess, |
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72 and absolutely not an acceptable way to build a forward-looking, community- |
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73 serving project. |
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74 |
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75 In FC Magnetite I have recreated the relevant parts of the TCS211 build system, |
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76 using Bourne shell magic instead of Java and XML. Just like TI's BuSyB, ours |
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77 is a makefile generation system: in order to compile the firmware in a |
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78 particular desired configuration, you run a shell script to select the config |
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79 you would like. This shell script will create a dedicated build directory tree |
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80 to fully contain this build, and populate it with generated Makefiles and some |
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81 other bits - then you go into the just-created build directory and run make |
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82 there. The source and build trees are thus cleanly separated. See |
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83 doc/Compiling for detailed instructions. |
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84 |
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85 Another key difference from our previous TCS211-based firmware offerings is that |
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86 even though we still have to run TI's compiler binaries under Wine, the Wine |
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87 invokation has been moved from the top (root) of the build process to the |
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88 bottom leaves. With our previous TCS211-based works you would run Wine at the |
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89 top, and then the entire build process would proceed in the Windows environment, |
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90 using Windows versions of make and other nonsense. Not so in FC Magnetite: |
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91 in this firmware project all shell scripts, Makefiles, Perl scripts and other |
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92 build system accessories run at the native Unix level, and Wine is only invoked |
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93 at the lowest level by individual tool wrappers: for example, TI's compiler |
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94 binary cl470.exe is encapsulated in a Unix shell script called cl470 that |
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95 invokes Wine to run the Windows binary, presenting the illusion of a native |
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96 Unix tool to all upper levels. |
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97 |
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98 As yet another defenestration measure, all source files are checked into this |
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99 tree with Unix line endings. |
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100 |
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101 Two versions of the G23M protocol stack |
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102 ======================================= |
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103 |
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104 A major component of all functional firmware configurations is the mass of code |
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105 that implements layers 2 and 3 of the GSM+GPRS protocol stack, called G23M. In |
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106 FC Magnetite we have the option of using one of two different versions of this |
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107 key firmware component: |
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108 |
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109 * The original G23M version from Openmoko: this version is believed to be very |
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110 stable because it has been used (successfully to the best of our knowledge) |
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111 by Openmoko, and it came from TI's TCS211 program that officially targeted |
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112 the Calypso chipset - but it exists only as binary object libraries with no |
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113 corresponding source. The lack of source means no ability to change the |
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114 feature configuration (what is enabled and what is disabled), very difficult |
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115 to debug if something does go wrong - all of the usual problems of software |
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116 without source. |
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117 |
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118 * A newer version from TI's TCS3/LoCosto program. This version came to us in |
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119 the form of full C source, and because this fw component is chipset- |
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120 independent (unlike L1), we have successfully produced a TCS2/TCS3 hybrid in |
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121 which the new G23M code from TCS3.2 is grafted onto the chipsetsw foundation |
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122 from TCS211, which we have reconstructed into full C source form as well. |
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123 |
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124 Each of the two G23M PS versions also has its own version of the Application |
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125 Control Interface (ACI) layer to go with it, which we call aci2 and aci3 - |
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126 except that in the case of ACI, we have the full source for both versions. |
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127 |
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128 The new TCS2/TCS3 hybrid config is the way forward, as our goal is to have no |
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129 blobs in our firmware - having the full source is a prerequisite for maintaining |
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130 a software product. FC Magnetite supports building both configurations in order |
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131 to facilitate the transition, and as of this writing, we still need to add a few |
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132 bits to the new version of ACI in order to achieve 100% feature parity with |
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133 Openmoko. |
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134 |
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135 Other blobs |
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136 =========== |
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137 |
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138 The TCS2/TCS3 hybrid firmware is built almost entirely from source; the only |
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139 components which are linked in the form of prebuilt libraries are GPF, Nucleus |
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140 and the TMS470 compiler's equivalent of libc/libgcc. It needs to be noted that |
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141 these components are so stable and configuration-independent that they were |
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142 used mostly in prebuilt library form even inside TI. In the case of GPF we've |
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143 got the corresponding source for most of the modules within those libs; for the |
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144 few modules for which the original source has been lost, we've already done a |
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145 rough first-draft reconstruction as part of our previous gcc-built GSM fw |
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146 efforts, and we only need to polish this reconstruction in order to have |
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147 deblobbed GPF in our mainline production fw. In the case of Nucleus we likewise |
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148 have another version of it in full source form which has been proven good in |
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149 other FreeCalypso firmware projects. |
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150 |
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151 The planned successor to FC Magnetite (tentative planned name Selenite) will |
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152 use the hybrid config for the G23M PS, deblobbed GPF and the source-enabled |
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153 version of Nucleus, resulting in blob-free firmware except for the proprietary |
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154 TMS470 compiler and its equivalent of libc/libgcc. Transition to building with |
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155 gcc (like in FreeCalypso Citrine) will follow afterward, completely exiting the |
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156 land of blobs and proprietary build tools. |
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157 |
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158 Further reading |
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159 =============== |
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160 |
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161 For various instructions and notes specific to this FreeCalypso Magnetite |
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162 firmware, look in the doc directory. For more information about the overall |
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163 FreeCalypso project and our hardware building aspirations, go to our website: |
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164 |
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165 https://www.freecalypso.org/ |