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annotate loadtools/README @ 981:0feb3db6f097

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author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
date Thu, 10 Dec 2015 05:16:46 +0000
parents e61eacecd319
children 5e73df562a7d
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1 The set of host tools built in this directory consists of:
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory.
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded
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17 target code.
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18
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19 The currently supported target devices are the Compal family of basic
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20 dumbphones, the Openmoko GTA0x GSM modem and the Pirelli DP-L10 feature phone.
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22 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to
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23 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware
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24 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of
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25 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools,
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26 normally in /usr/local/share/freecalypso:
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28 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when
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29 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its
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30 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one
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31 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso
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32 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the
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33 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool
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34 supports different target devices with different hardware
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35 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as
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36 appropriate.
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38 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to
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39 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol
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40 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM
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41 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the
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42 same way as on freedom-enabled devices.
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44 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-sw source
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45 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain
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46 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile
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47 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use
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48 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of
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49 FreeCalypso host tools will include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries
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50 in the target-binaries subdirectory.
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52 Installing
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53 ==========
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55 Just run 'make' and 'make install' as usual. If the target-binaries directory
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56 is present, your installation will be complete and ready to use. If you are
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57 building these pieces yourself from source, do a 'make' and 'make install' in
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58 ../target-utils, after you have the ARM7 gcc toolchain installed and working.
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60 Basic usage
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61 ===========
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62
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63 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are
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64 as follows:
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65
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66 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that
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67 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary
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68 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears.
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70 2. Run fc-loadtool like this:
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71
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72 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX
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74 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change
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75 $TARGETOPT to:
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77 Device Needed options
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78 -----------------------------------
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79 Mot C11x/123 -h compal
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80 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1003
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81 Mot C155/156 -h c155
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82 Openmoko GTA02 -h gta02
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83 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli
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84
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85 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. Openmoko GTA0x and
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86 Pirelli DP-L10 targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will interrupt
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87 and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons which
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88 fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have this
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89 boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware includes a
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90 flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of interrupting the
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91 boot path and loading code over the serial line; fc-loadtool will be set up
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92 to speak the latter protocol when run with the corresponding options from
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93 the table above.
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95 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first
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96 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device,
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97 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands.
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98 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type
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99 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize
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100 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by
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101 reading the loadtool.help text file.
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102
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103 Command line options
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104 ====================
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105
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106 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However,
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107 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools:
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108
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109 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec
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110 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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111 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport
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112
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113 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted
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114 exceptions:
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115
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116 -a /path/to/loadagent
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117
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118 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the
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119 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought,
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120 overriding the compiled-in default.
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121
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122 -b baud
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123
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124 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate
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125 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the
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126 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the
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127 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty
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128 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud
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129 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with
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130 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud.
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131
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132 -B baud
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133
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134 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be
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135 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is
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136 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud
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137 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM
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138 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to
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139 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B
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140 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image
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141 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that
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142 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed
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143 with the -r option.
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144
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145 -c <compalstage flavor>
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146
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147 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to
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148 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso
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149 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to
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150 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different
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151 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks.
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152
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153 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware
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154 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given
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155 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal
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156 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM
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157 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies
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158 compal-stage.
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159
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160 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary
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161
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162 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used
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163 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative)
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164 without checking or alteration.
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165
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166 -h hwtype
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167
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168 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific
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169 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs
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170 a pathname of the form /usr/local/share/freecalypso/%s.config, where %s
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171 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware
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172 parameter file.
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173
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174 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso
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175 loadtools are listed in the "Basic usage" section above.
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176
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177 -H /path/to/hwparam-file
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178
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179 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used
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180 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative)
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181 without alteration.
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182
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183 -i num
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184
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185 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval
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186 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot
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187 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso
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188 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms.
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189
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190 -n
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191
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192 This option does anything only when loadtools have been compiled to run
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193 on GTA0x AP (see the corresponding section below). If you've compiled
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194 loadtools with the -DGTA0x_AP_BUILD option, it has an effect of making
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195 each tool automatically toggle the modem power control upon startup,
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196 removing the need for manual sequencing of the Calypso boot process.
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197 This -n option suppresses that action, making the AP build behave like
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198 the standard build in this regard.
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199
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200 -r baud (fc-loadtool)
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201
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202 This optoin is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its
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203 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target
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204 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is
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205 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate.
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206 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this
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207 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and
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208 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the
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209 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the
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210 beginning.
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211
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212 -r baud (fc-xram)
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213
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214 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud
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215 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped
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216 to; the default is 115200 baud.
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217
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218 fc-xram 2nd program invokation
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219 ==============================
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220
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221 The fc-xram utility can take two possible actions after it has loaded the
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222 specified S-record image into XRAM:
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223
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224 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is
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225 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode, just like fc-iram.
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226
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227 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial
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228 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended
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229 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump
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230 from the FreeCalypso software suite, not for launching any arbitrary 3rd-party
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231 programs from fc-xram.
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232
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233 The intended usage scenario is that one builds a version of the FreeCalypso GSM
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234 firmware (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the
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235 ramImage configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target
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236 device, and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken
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237 over by rvinterf or rvtdump.
107
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238
424
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239 Openmoko GTA0x
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240 ==============
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241
424
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242 All of the above instructions assume that you are running these loadtools on a
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243 general-purpose host system such as a GNU/Linux PC or laptop, and will
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244 potentially use them to operate on multiple Calypso targets of different kinds.
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245 If instead you are building loadtools to run on the application processor of a
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246 smartphone such as Openmoko GTA0x, then it makes no sense for that special build
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247 of loadtools to support any target other than the specific modem in that
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248 smartphone. Loadtools can be built with compalstage support excluded and with
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249 GTA0x-specific modem power control included instead. This build will still
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250 include a bunch of functions of no relevance to GTA0x, but oh well..
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251
424
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252 To build loadtools for the GTA0x AP, you'll need to make the following
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253 modifications to the Makefile:
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254
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255 * Change the CC= line to point to the appropriate cross-compiler (which you'll
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256 need to provide yourself);
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257
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258 * Change the CFLAGS= line: add the right options to target the ARM920T core in
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259 the GTA0x AP (e.g., -march=armv4t -mtune=arm920t), and add -DGTA0x_AP_BUILD
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260 to enable some code that makes sense only when running on the GTA0x AP.
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261
424
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262 * Change EXTRA_OBJ= from listing compalload.o to listing compaldummy.o and
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263 gtapower.o instead.
97
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264
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265 See gta-ap-build.sed for an example.