FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-tools
annotate doc/High-speed-serial @ 27:24cb10d508d7
fc-fsio help command implemented
author | Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org> |
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date | Sun, 23 Oct 2016 01:33:21 +0000 (2016-10-23) |
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1 The highest baud rate supported by "standard" PC serial ports is 115200 bps, |
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2 but Calypso UARTs can go quite a bit faster. Being clocked with 13 MHz (a |
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3 standard frequency in the GSM world), these UARTs can produce non-standard |
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4 (outside of the GSM world) baud rates of 203125, 406250 and 812500 bps. When |
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5 working with Motorola C1xx and Openmoko GTA01/02 phones which present a debug |
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6 and programming serial interface on a 2.5 mm headset jack, one can make use of |
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7 these high serial baud rates by using a USB to headset jack programming cable |
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8 based on one of the better USB-serial chips that can support these GSM special |
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9 baud rates well above 115200. The two USB-serial chips that are known to work |
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10 in this manner are CP2102 and FTDI, although each of the two requires its own |
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11 special quirks described below. Other USB to serial cables use chips which |
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12 don't support the high baud rates in question, and therefore are limited to |
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13 115200 baud max like a "standard" PC serial port. |
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14 |
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15 FreeCalypso tools can use these high serial baud rates in the following ways: |
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16 |
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17 * When you use fc-loadtool to dump and program GSM device flash memory |
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18 (flashing firmware images), the transfers get annoyingly slow at 115200 baud |
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19 if you have to do it a lot. Switching to 406250 or even better 812500 baud |
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20 makes them go considerably faster. |
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21 |
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22 * Some of our target devices have large enough RAM to execute a GSM firmware |
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23 image entirely from RAM without flashing - very handy for development and |
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24 experimentation. The tool used to run these RAM-based images is fc-xram, |
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25 and it also supports the option of using high serial baud rates for the image |
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26 transfer for the same reason: repeatedly transferring 1.5 MiB images over |
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27 115200 baud gets tiresome. |
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28 |
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29 * If you are building your own GSM firmware (either FC GSM fw or one of our |
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30 TCS211-based hacks), you can make it run its RVTMUX interface at 406250 or |
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31 812500 baud. We used this trick when we tried to make TCS211 with D-Sample- |
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32 targeting UI (176x220 pix LCD, 16 bits per pixel) send its virtual LCD raster |
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33 blits out the serial port. Our rvtdump and rvinterf utilities support this |
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34 mode of operation by providing options to select different baud rates. |
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35 |
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36 Using CP2102 adapters |
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37 ===================== |
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38 |
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39 CP2102 chips have a built-in EEPROM that contains (among other things) a |
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40 32-entry table in which the supported serial baud rates are programmed. In |
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41 order to support the special GSM baud rates, these rates need to be added to |
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42 that table, displacing some other entries. The convention established by the |
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43 Pirelli DP-L10 phone (has a CP2102 built in and programmed at the factory for |
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44 GSM baud rates) is that 203120 baud takes the place of 230400, 406250 takes the |
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45 place of 460800, and 812500 takes the place of 921600. |
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46 |
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47 Because you need a special cable anyway to make the necessary physical |
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48 connection to the debug/programming serial port presented on a 2.5 mm headset |
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49 jack, you will probably be buying the requisite cable from a specialized |
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50 professional vendor. In that case it is that vendor's responsibility to sell |
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51 you the cable with the CP2102 chip already programmed with GSM baud rates: |
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52 because the physical construction of the cable (2.5 mm headset jack on the |
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53 serial end) makes it specific to GSM devices, and all known GSM devices use a |
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54 13 MHz clock or some integer multiple thereof, it is pointless for a |
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55 physically-GSM-specific cable to be set up for 230400/460800/921600 baud when |
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56 all known GSM devices will need 203125/406250/812500 baud instead. |
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57 |
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58 If you making a CP2102-based serial cable yourself (either for your own personal |
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59 use or professionally/commercially), please follow these instructions for baud |
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60 rate programming: |
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61 |
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62 http://bb.osmocom.org/trac/wiki/Hardware/CP210xTutorial |
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63 |
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64 If you follow the procedure given on that page, your CP2102 will be programmed |
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65 the same way as the one in the Pirelli DP-L10 (Foxconn's original factory |
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66 programming). |
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67 |
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68 The serial port handling code in FreeCalypso host tools is written to request |
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69 B230400 from termios when 203125 baud is desired, likewise B460800 for 406250 |
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70 baud and B921600 for 812500 baud. Therefore, if you have a CP2102-based cable |
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71 with properly programmed EEPROM, everything will Just Work. |
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72 |
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73 Using FTDI adapters |
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74 =================== |
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75 |
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76 Unlike CP2102, FTDI adapters don't require any non-volatile EEPROM programming |
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77 for GSM baud rates, but they have a different pain point - arguably a worse one |
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78 - that is entirely a software issue. The API which the Linux kernel provides |
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79 to userspace applications for opening and configuring serial ports provides no |
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80 clean, sensible way for an application to request a particular baud rate that |
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81 is not in the predefined-once-and-for-all list, and to make it unambiguous to |
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82 the in-kernel driver exactly what it wants. |
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83 |
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84 The method provided by the ftdi_sio driver in the standard Linux kernel is |
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85 gross, and I (Space Falcon) refuse to use it. The serial port handling code in |
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86 FreeCalypso host tools is written for the clean CP2102 way, and is *not* muddied |
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87 with the muck that would be necessary to get the high GSM baud rates with an |
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88 unpatched ftdi_sio driver. Therefore, if you would like to use one of the high |
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89 GSM baud rates with FreeCalypso with an FTDI adapter, you will need to dirty |
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90 your Linux host system with a hacky kernel patch. The patch provided in |
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91 linux-2.6.37.6-ftdi_sio.c.patch (made against Linux 2.6.37.6, which is what I |
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92 use - came with Slackware 13.37 - adapt as necessary for your kernel version) |
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93 makes the ftdi_sio driver behave like a GSM-programmed CP2102: termios B230400 |
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94 turns into 203125 baud, B460800 turns into 406250 and B921600 turns into 812500. |
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95 |
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96 This patch won't break other software (*cough* osmocom-bb *cough*) that does |
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
97 use the "standard" ftdi_sio way of requesting high GSM baud rates, i.e., both |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
98 ways of selecting these baud rates should still work, but if you have other |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
99 (non-GSM) serial devices on the same system which need 230400, 460800 or 921600 |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
100 baud, those will break. |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
101 |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
102 Using adapters built into phones |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
103 ================================ |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
104 |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
105 The Calypso chip has no native USB capabilities, thus if a Calypso phone |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
106 presents a USB charging+data port to the user, it must have a USB to serial |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
107 converter built in. The only phone we currently know of that does this is |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
108 Pirelli DP-L10, and its built-in USB-serial adapter chip is CP2102. It has |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
109 already been programmed with the correct GSM baud rates on Foxconn's original |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
110 production line, thus one can always use 812500 baud with FreeCalypso tools on |
e7502631a0f9
initial import from freecalypso-sw rev 1033:5ab737ac3ad7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
111 this phone and it will Just Work. |