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doc/Flash-boot-defect article removed (no longer relevant) This article is no longer relevant because the issue in question only affected one (1) defective FCDEV3B board which was not and never will be sold.
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Fri, 26 Oct 2018 07:11:08 +0000
parents b5f2ccfdafec
children 131eefcbe4d7
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1 The loadtools subset of FreeCalypso host tools consists of:
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2
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory.
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11
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded
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17 target code.
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18
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19 The currently supported target devices are (in the order of decreasing
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20 preference) official Calypso development boards (TI's D-Sample and our own
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21 FCDEV3B), Openmoko's GTA0x GSM modem, and two "alien" Calypso phone families:
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22 Mot C1xx by Compal and Pirelli DP-L10 by Foxconn.
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23
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24 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to
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25 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware
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26 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of
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27 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools,
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28 normally in /opt/freecalypso/target-bin:
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29
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30 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when
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31 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its
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32 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one
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33 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso
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34 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the
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35 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool
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36 supports different target devices with different hardware
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37 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as
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38 appropriate.
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39
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40 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to
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41 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol
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42 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM
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43 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the
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44 same way as on freedom-enabled devices.
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45
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46 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-tools source
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47 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain
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48 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile
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49 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use
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50 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of
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51 FreeCalypso host tools include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries.
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52
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53 Basic usage
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54 ===========
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55
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56 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are
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57 as follows:
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58
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59 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that
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60 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary
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61 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears. If you are working with a target such as
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62 FCDEV3B or D-Sample on which both Calypso UARTs are equally accessible with
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63 equal convenience, you can arbitrarily pick either one for fc-loadtool - it
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64 will work exactly the same through either port.
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65
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66 2. Run fc-loadtool like this:
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67
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68 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX
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69
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70 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change
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71 $TARGETOPT to:
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72
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73 Device Needed options
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74 -----------------------------------
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75 FreeCalypso FCDEV3B -h fcfam
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76 Mot C11x/123 -h compal
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77 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1004
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78 Mot C155/156 -h c155
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79 Openmoko GTA02 -h gta02
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80 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli
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81 TI D-Sample -h dsample
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82
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83 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. TI/Openmoko/FreeCalypso
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84 and Pirelli targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will interrupt
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85 and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons which
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86 fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have this
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87 boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware includes a
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88 flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of interrupting the
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89 boot path and loading code over the serial line; fc-loadtool will be set up
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90 to speak the latter protocol when run with the corresponding options from
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91 the table above.
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92
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93 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first
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94 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device,
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95 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands.
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96 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type
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97 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize
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98 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by
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99 reading the loadtool.help text file.
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100
236
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101 fc-loadtool batch mode
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102 ======================
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103
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104 In addition to the interactive mode described above, fc-loadtool can be used in
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105 a scripted or batch mode where it makes contact with the target device as it
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106 boots, interrupts and diverts the boot process to loadagent, executes a given
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107 command script, cleans up the target state as appropriate (usually powers off)
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108 and exits. This mode is used by the FreeCalypso factory for initial flash
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109 programming on the device production line, but it can also be used by end users
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110 to install firmware updates in a more automated manner.
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111
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112 The batch mode is entered when there is a command script given on the
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113 fc-loadtool invokation command line.
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114
209
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115 Command line options
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116 ====================
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117
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118 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However,
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119 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools:
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120
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121 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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122 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog]
236
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123 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport [batch-script]
209
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124
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125 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted
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126 exceptions:
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127
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128 -a /path/to/loadagent
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129
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130 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the
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131 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought,
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132 overriding the compiled-in default.
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133
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134 -b baud
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135
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136 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate
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137 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the
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138 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the
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139 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty
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140 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud
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141 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with
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142 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud.
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143
236
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144 -B baud (fc-loadtool)
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145
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146 This option is specific to the batch mode of fc-loadtool, and has no
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147 effect when no batch mode command script is specified on the command
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148 line. In the batch mode this option commands a baud rate switch to be
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149 performed before the command script is executed.
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150
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151 -B baud (fc-xram)
209
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152
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153 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be
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154 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is
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155 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud
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156 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM
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157 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to
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158 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B
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159 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image
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160 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that
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161 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed
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162 with the -r option.
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163
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164 -c <compalstage flavor>
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165
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166 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to
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167 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso
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168 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to
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169 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different
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170 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks.
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171
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172 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware
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173 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given
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174 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal
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175 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM
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176 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies
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177 compal-stage.
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178
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179 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary
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180
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181 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used
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182 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative)
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183 without checking or alteration.
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184
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185 -h hwtype
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186
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187 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific
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188 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs
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189 a pathname of the form /opt/freecalypso/loadtools/%s.config, where %s
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190 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware
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191 parameter file.
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192
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193 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso
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194 loadtools are listed in the "Basic usage" section above.
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195
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196 -H /path/to/hwparam-file
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197
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198 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used
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199 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative)
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200 without alteration.
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201
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202 -i num
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203
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204 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval
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205 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot
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206 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso
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207 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms.
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208
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209 -n
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210
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211 This option does anything only when loadtools have been compiled to run
215
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212 on GTA0x AP (see the Loadtools-on-GTA0x article). If you've compiled
209
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213 loadtools with the -DGTA0x_AP_BUILD option, it has an effect of making
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214 each tool automatically toggle the modem power control upon startup,
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215 removing the need for manual sequencing of the Calypso boot process.
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216 This -n option suppresses that action, making the AP build behave like
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217 the standard build in this regard.
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218
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219 -r baud (fc-loadtool)
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220
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221 This option is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its
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222 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target
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223 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is
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224 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate.
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225 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this
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226 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and
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227 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the
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228 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the
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229 beginning.
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230
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231 -r baud (fc-xram)
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232
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233 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud
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diff changeset
234 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped
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235 to; the default is 115200 baud.
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236
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237 fc-iram & fc-xram 2nd program invokation
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238 ========================================
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239
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240 Our fc-iram and fc-xram utilities can take two possible actions after they have
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241 loaded the specified S-record image into RAM:
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242
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243 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is
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244 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode.
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245
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246 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial
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247 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended
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248 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump
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249 from the FreeCalypso host tools suite, not for launching any arbitrary
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250 3rd-party programs from fc-xram or fc-iram.
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251
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252 This feature was originally implemented in fc-xram only, and the intended usage
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253 scenario is that one builds a version of one of our FreeCalypso GSM firmwares
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254 (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the ramImage
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255 configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target device,
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256 and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken over by
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257 rvinterf or rvtdump.
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258
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259 This second program invokation capability was later extended to fc-iram for no
416
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260 purpose other than to facilitate a boot hack that was only needed on one (1)
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261 defective FCDEV3B board.