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tchtools/fc-vm2hex.c: update header comment for new situation
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Wed, 28 Dec 2022 08:41:57 +0000
parents ad503b495e3e
children 71edc12b1aa7
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1 This document describes the basic usage principles for our rvinterf suite of
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2 tools, which is the subset of FC host tools for talking to TI-based GSM devices
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3 via the RVTMUX binary packet interface.
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4
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5 rvtdump
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6 =======
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7
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8 Rvtdump is a utility that listens on a serial port, receives traces or any other
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9 packets emitted by the running firmware of a GSM device in TI's RVTMUX format,
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10 decodes them into readable ASCII and emits them to stdout and/or to a log file.
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11 It is to be invoked as follows:
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12
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13 rvtdump [options] /dev/ttyXXX
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14
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15 where the sole non-option argument is the serial port it should open and listen
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16 on.
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17
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18 The available options are:
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19
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20 -b
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21
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22 Normally the rvtdump process remains in the foreground and emits its
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23 output on stdout. The -b option suppresses the normal output and causes
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24 rvtdump to put itself in the background: fork at startup, then have the
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25 parent exit while the child remains running. -b is not useful and not
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26 allowed without -l.
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27
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28 -B baud
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29
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30 Selects which RVTMUX serial channel baud rate our tool should listen
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31 for. Defaults to 115200 baud, which is TI's default and is correct for
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32 our standard FreeCalypso firmwares, for Openmoko's legacy firmwares and
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33 for Pirelli's proprietary fw. Use -B 57600 for Compal's RVTMUX, the
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34 one accessible via **16379#.
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35
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36 -d <file descriptor number>
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37
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38 This option is not meant for direct use by human users. It is inserted
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39 automatically when rvtdump is launched from fc-xram as the secondary
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40 program that immediately takes over the serial channel.
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41
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42 -l logfile
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43
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44 Log all received and decoded packets into the specified file in addition
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45 to (without -b) or instead of (with -b) dumping them on stdout. Each
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46 line in the log file is also time-stamped; the timestamps are in GMT
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47 (gmtime(3)) instead of local time - Spacefalcon the Outlaw dislikes
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48 local times.
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49
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50 rvinterf
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51 ========
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52
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53 Rvinterf (the specific program by this name) is an extended version of rvtdump
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54 (see above) that decodes and dumps and/or logs any and all output generated by
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55 the firmware running on the target just like rvtdump, but also creates a local
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56 UNIX domain socket on the host machine to which "client" programs can connect.
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57 "Client" programs connecting to rvinterf via this local socket interface can:
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58
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59 1. Receive copies of selected RVTMUX packets coming from the target;
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60
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61 2. Send arbitrary RVTMUX packets toward the target.
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62
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63 Rvinterf is invoked just like rvtdump:
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64
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65 rvinterf [options] /dev/ttyXXX
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66
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67 The following options have the same meaning as in rvtdump, see the rvtdump
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68 section above for the details: -b, -B, -d and -l. The only difference is that
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69 -b without -l is potentially useful and thus allowed. Additionally rvinterf -b
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70 records the PID of the backgrounded process in /tmp/rvinterf.pid (inability to
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71 write to this file produces a non-fatal warning); the intended use case is for
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72 scripts that run rvinterf -b (perhaps as fc-xram secondary program with the FFS
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73 editor application), perform some fc-fsio or other manipulations, and then kill
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74 the backgrounded rvinterf process.
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75
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76 Additional rvinterf options which don't exist in rvtdump are:
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77
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78 -n
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79
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80 Suppress the output on stdout like -b, but don't fork into background.
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81 This option is passed by "client" programs when they invoke rvinterf
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82 behind the scenes instead of connecting to an already-running rvinterf
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83 instance.
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84
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85 -P <boot control name>
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86
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87 See Target-boot-control article.
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88
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89 -s pathname_for_socket
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90
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91 By default the local UNIX domain socket created by rvinterf is bound to
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92 /tmp/rvinterf_socket; this option allows any other pathname to be
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93 specified.
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94
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95 -S <file descriptor number>
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96
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97 This option is not meant for direct use by human users. It is passed
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98 by "client" programs when they invoke rvinterf behind the scenes with
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99 an unnamed and unbound socket pair instead of connecting to an already-
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100 running rvinterf instance.
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101
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102 -w number_in_seconds
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103
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104 Reliable UART communication with a Calypso GSM device that can
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105 potentially enter the so-called "deep sleep" mode requires certain
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106 special workarounds that could be described as a bit of an ugly hack:
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107 see the Deep-sleep-support article for the gory details. The hack
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108 implemented in rvinterf is as follows: if a packet is to be sent to the
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109 target and more than a set time has elapsed since the last transmitted
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110 packet, the packet is preceded by a "wake-up shot" of 64 0 bytes
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111 (outside of a packet, ignored by the fw) and a 100 ms pause.
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112
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113 The -w option changes the elapsed time threshold at which the "wake-up
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114 shot" is sent; the default is 7 s. Specify -w 0 to disable this hack
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115 altogether.
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116
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117 Client programs
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118 ===============
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119
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120 We have an entire family of so-called "client" programs which connect to
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121 rvinterf via the local socket interface and use rvinterf as the back-end engine
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122 for communicating with GSM device firmwares. The main ones are fc-fsio,
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123 fc-shell and fc-tmsh described in the RVTMUX article, and the less important
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124 ones are fc-memdump, fc-dspapidump, fc-readcal and fc-tmsync listed in
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125 Host-tools-overview. There is also the fcup-rvtat program which is invoked
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126 behind the scenes by fcup-* tools (see User-phone-tools) when they are used
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127 with the -R option.
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128
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diff changeset
129 All of these client programs can work in one of two ways: they can connect to
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parents:
diff changeset
130 an already running rvinterf process through the UNIX domain socket mechanism,
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parents:
diff changeset
131 or they can launch their own private instance of rvinterf behind the scenes,
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parents:
diff changeset
132 using an unnamed and unbound socket pair. (Don't try to have two or more
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parents:
diff changeset
133 rvinterf instances running on the same serial port, it won't work.) The
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parents:
diff changeset
134 following command line options are standardized across all of our rvinterf
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parents:
diff changeset
135 client programs:
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parents:
diff changeset
136
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parents:
diff changeset
137 -p /dev/ttyXXX
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parents:
diff changeset
138
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parents:
diff changeset
139 Don't connect to an already running rvinterf process, instead launch a
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parents:
diff changeset
140 private instance of rvinterf on the named serial port.
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parents:
diff changeset
141
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parents:
diff changeset
142 -B baud
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143 -l logfile
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parents:
diff changeset
144 -w number_in_seconds
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parents:
diff changeset
145
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parents:
diff changeset
146 These options are valid only when -p is used, and are passed through to
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
147 rvinterf.
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parents:
diff changeset
148
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parents:
diff changeset
149 -s pathname_for_socket
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parents:
diff changeset
150
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parents:
diff changeset
151 Connect to a different local UNIX domain socket pathname instead of the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
152 default /tmp/rvinterf_socket. This option is valid only when -p is not
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
153 used.
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parents:
diff changeset
154
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 Interactive vs. one-shot operation
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
156 ==================================
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parents:
diff changeset
157
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parents:
diff changeset
158 Our main client programs fc-fsio, fc-shell, fc-tmsh and fc-tmsync can operate
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
159 in both interactive and one-shot modes. If there is a specific command given
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parents:
diff changeset
160 on the invokation command line, that command is executed in the one-shot mode
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
161 (the program executes that one command, waits for the response from the target
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
162 if appropriate, and exits), otherwise each of the listed programs enters its
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parents:
diff changeset
163 own interactive mode with its own prompt. The more specialized client programs
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
164 fc-memdump, fc-dspapidump and fc-readcal always operate in the one-shot manner.
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parents:
diff changeset
165
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parents:
diff changeset
166 fc-fsio, fc-tmsync and the just-listed specialized client programs are
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 synchronous in nature: whether they are used interactively or in a one-shot
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
168 manner (single command per program invokation), all of their operations are
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
169 built from command-response primitives: each internal low-level function sends
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
170 a command packet to the target via rvinterf and waits for a response from the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
171 target; not getting a response or getting a wrong or unexpected response is a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
172 fatal error. There is no such thing as a no-wait mode (one-shot or otherwise)
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
173 with these synchronous programs. Furthermore, what appears to be a single
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
174 command at the high level may consist of a large number of command-response
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175 packet exchanges under the hood, and the one-shot mode can be used equally
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
176 easily to run a simple command or a script consisting of many commands. The
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177 fcup-* -R mechanism (implemented by way of the fcup-rvtat back-end program) is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
178 also synchronous like the fc-fsio and fc-tmsync family.
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parents:
diff changeset
179
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parents:
diff changeset
180 In contrast, fc-shell and fc-tmsh are asynchronous, and they work most naturally
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
181 in their interactive mode. An interactive fc-shell or fc-tmsh session is a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182 select loop that listens simultaneously for both user command input on the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183 terminal and packets from the target on the rvinterf socket; user commands cause
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 command packets to be sent to the target and any response packets received from
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 the target are decoded and displayed on the terminal, but these two directions
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 are completely decoupled from each other. The one-shot mode of operation is
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 inherently less natural with these programs, and constitutes a bit of a hack.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
188
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parents:
diff changeset
189 fc-tmsh offers the same repertoire of commands in both interactive and one-shot
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 modes, and each of these commands sends a Test Mode command packet to the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
191 target. The one-shot mode is actually two modes: one-shot with a wait for a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 target response (default) and one-shot with no wait (-n option). One-shot with
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193 no wait is straighforward: fc-tmsh constructs the requested TM command packet,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 sends it to the target via rvinterf and exits. In the other one-shot mode
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 without -n, fc-tmsh sends the command packet to the target and falls into a loop
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 processing input from rvinterf; as soon as some (any) packet is received from
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 the target on the TM channel, that packet (which is decoded and displayed) is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 considered to be the response and the program exits with a success indication.
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parents:
diff changeset
199
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
200 fc-shell is the oddest of the bunch: the set of one-shot commands is a subset
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201 of those available in the interactive mode, as some of the commands cannot work
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 outside of the interactive mode select loop environment. Furthermore, almost
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203 all of the one-shot commands in fc-shell always operate in the no-wait manner
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 whether -n is given or not. The only fc-shell one-shot commands which wait for
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 a target response in the absence of -n (similarly to fc-tmsh) are AT commands.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207 Startup synchronization hack
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 ============================
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
209
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parents:
diff changeset
210 There is one annoying issue that has been seen with FTDI USB-serial adapters:
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211 when the serial port served by an FTDI adapter has been receiving serial traffic
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 from the target while no host program is running with the port open to read it,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 and then a host program is started, that newly started host program will often
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 get some stale or total garbage input from the freshly opened ttyUSBx port on
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 startup. In most usage scenarios this issue is not a killer for our rvinterf
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 suite, only an annoyance: if rvinterf is started on a serial port with this
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 initial garbage, there will be some garbage displayed by rvinterf initially,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 but then it will quickly regain synchronization with the running firmware
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
219 target. If there is any delay between the starting of rvinterf and command-
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
220 response packet exchanges with the target (if rvinterf is run explicitly by the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221 operator first and then the client program, or if the client program that
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 launches rvinterf is an interactive one), no problems occur: rvinterf will be
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 in sync with the target with all initial garbage flushed by the time it needs
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224 to do the first command-response packet exchange.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
225
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
226 There is one potentially problematic usage scenario, though: consider what
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
227 happens when a one-shot operation is commanded, it is a type of one-shot
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
228 operation that includes waiting for a response from the target, and rvinterf is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
229 being launched from the client program with -p. In this scenario there will be
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
230 a command packet sent to the target as soon as rvinterf starts up, and the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231 client program will expect rvinterf to capture and deliver the target fw's
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
232 response correctly, but there may not be enough time for rvinterf to clear the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 initial garbage presented by the imperfect serial port hardware+driver
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234 combination.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
235
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 Our solution to this potential trouble source is a hack: in the special case
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
237 when rvinterf is being launched by the client program with -p and when the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
238 client operation to be performed falls into the category of one-shot with a wait
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
239 for the target fw response, a 30 ms delay is inserted after the return from the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
240 vfork call that launches rvinterf and before any actual operations. This hack
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
241 has been deemed to be acceptable because this combination of doing one-shot
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
242 operations while launching rvinterf with -p is not a very sensible way of using
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243 our rvinterf tools generally, hence it has been deemed acceptable to add a bit
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244 of slowdown to this rather contrived use case.