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doc/Loadtools-usage: replacing loadtools/README
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Thu, 18 May 2017 22:52:12 +0000
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children 1a658ab756fe
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209
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1 The loadtools subset of FreeCalypso host tools consists of:
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2
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory.
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11
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded
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17 target code.
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18
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19 The currently supported target devices are (in the order of decreasing
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20 preference) official Calypso development boards (TI's D-Sample and our own
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21 FCDEV3B), Openmoko's GTA0x GSM modem, and two "alien" Calypso phone families:
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22 Mot C1xx by Compal and Pirelli DP-L10 by Foxconn.
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23
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24 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to
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25 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware
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26 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of
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27 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools,
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28 normally in /opt/freecalypso/target-bin:
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29
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30 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when
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31 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its
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32 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one
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33 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso
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34 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the
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35 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool
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36 supports different target devices with different hardware
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37 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as
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38 appropriate.
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39
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40 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to
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41 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol
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42 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM
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43 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the
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44 same way as on freedom-enabled devices.
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45
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46 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-tools source
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47 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain
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48 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile
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49 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use
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50 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of
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51 FreeCalypso host tools include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries.
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52
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53 Basic usage
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54 ===========
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55
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56 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are
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57 as follows:
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58
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59 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that
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60 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary
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61 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears. If you are working with a target such as
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62 FCDEV3B or D-Sample on which both Calypso UARTs are equally accessible with
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63 equal convenience, you can arbitrarily pick either one for fc-loadtool - it
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64 will work exactly the same through either port.
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65
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66 2. Run fc-loadtool like this:
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67
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68 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX
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69
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70 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change
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71 $TARGETOPT to:
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72
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73 Device Needed options
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74 -----------------------------------
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75 FreeCalypso FCDEV3B -h fcfam
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76 Mot C11x/123 -h compal
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77 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1004
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78 Mot C155/156 -h c155
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79 Openmoko GTA02 -h gta02
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80 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli
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81 TI D-Sample -h dsample
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82
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83 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. TI/Openmoko/FreeCalypso
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84 and Pirelli targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will interrupt
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85 and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons which
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86 fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have this
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87 boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware includes a
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88 flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of interrupting the
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89 boot path and loading code over the serial line; fc-loadtool will be set up
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90 to speak the latter protocol when run with the corresponding options from
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91 the table above.
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92
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93 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first
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94 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device,
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95 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands.
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96 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type
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97 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize
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98 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by
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99 reading the loadtool.help text file.
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100
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101 Command line options
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102 ====================
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103
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104 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However,
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105 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools:
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106
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107 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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108 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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109 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport
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110
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111 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted
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112 exceptions:
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113
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114 -a /path/to/loadagent
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115
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116 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the
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117 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought,
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118 overriding the compiled-in default.
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119
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120 -b baud
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121
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122 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate
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123 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the
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124 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the
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125 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty
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126 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud
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127 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with
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128 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud.
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129
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130 -B baud
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131
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132 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be
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133 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is
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134 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud
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135 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM
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136 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to
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137 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B
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138 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image
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139 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that
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140 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed
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141 with the -r option.
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142
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143 -c <compalstage flavor>
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144
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145 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to
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146 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso
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147 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to
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148 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different
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149 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks.
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150
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151 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware
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152 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given
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153 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal
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154 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM
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155 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies
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156 compal-stage.
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157
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158 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary
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159
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160 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used
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161 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative)
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162 without checking or alteration.
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163
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164 -h hwtype
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165
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166 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific
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167 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs
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168 a pathname of the form /opt/freecalypso/loadtools/%s.config, where %s
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169 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware
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170 parameter file.
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171
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172 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso
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173 loadtools are listed in the "Basic usage" section above.
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174
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175 -H /path/to/hwparam-file
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176
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177 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used
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178 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative)
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179 without alteration.
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180
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181 -i num
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182
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183 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval
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184 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot
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185 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso
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186 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms.
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187
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188 -n
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189
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190 This option does anything only when loadtools have been compiled to run
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191 on GTA0x AP (see the corresponding section below). If you've compiled
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192 loadtools with the -DGTA0x_AP_BUILD option, it has an effect of making
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193 each tool automatically toggle the modem power control upon startup,
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194 removing the need for manual sequencing of the Calypso boot process.
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195 This -n option suppresses that action, making the AP build behave like
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196 the standard build in this regard.
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197
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198 -r baud (fc-loadtool)
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199
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200 This option is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its
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201 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target
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202 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is
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203 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate.
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204 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this
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205 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and
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diff changeset
206 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the
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207 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the
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208 beginning.
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209
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210 -r baud (fc-xram)
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211
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212 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud
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213 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped
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214 to; the default is 115200 baud.
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215
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216 fc-iram & fc-xram 2nd program invokation
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217 ========================================
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218
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219 Our fc-iram and fc-xram utilities can take two possible actions after they have
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diff changeset
220 loaded the specified S-record image into RAM:
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221
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222 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is
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223 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode.
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224
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225 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial
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226 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended
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227 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump
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228 from the FreeCalypso host tools suite, not for launching any arbitrary
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229 3rd-party programs from fc-xram or fc-iram.
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230
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231 This feature was originally implemented in fc-xram only, and the intended usage
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232 scenario is that one builds a version of one of our FreeCalypso GSM firmwares
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233 (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the ramImage
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234 configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target device,
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235 and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken over by
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236 rvinterf or rvtdump.
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diff changeset
237
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238 This second program invokation capability was later extended to fc-iram for no
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239 purpose other than to support a hack described in the Flash-boot-defect article.