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author | Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org> |
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date | Wed, 13 Feb 2019 05:06:15 +0000 |
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1 This document describes the basic usage principles for our rvinterf suite of |
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2 tools, which is the subset of FC host tools for talking to TI-based GSM devices |
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3 via the RVTMUX binary packet interface. |
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4 |
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5 rvtdump |
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6 ======= |
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7 |
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8 Rvtdump is a utility that listens on a serial port, receives traces or any other |
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9 packets emitted by the running firmware of a GSM device in TI's RVTMUX format, |
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10 decodes them into readable ASCII and emits them to stdout and/or to a log file. |
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11 It is to be invoked as follows: |
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12 |
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13 rvtdump [options] /dev/ttyXXX |
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14 |
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15 where the sole non-option argument is the serial port it should open and listen |
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16 on. |
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17 |
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18 The available options are: |
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19 |
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20 -b |
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21 |
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22 Normally the rvtdump process remains in the foreground and emits its |
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23 output on stdout. The -b option suppresses the normal output and causes |
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24 rvtdump to put itself in the background: fork at startup, then have the |
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25 parent exit while the child remains running. -b is not useful and not |
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26 allowed without -l. |
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27 |
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28 -B baud |
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29 |
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30 Selects which RVTMUX serial channel baud rate our tool should listen |
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31 for. Defaults to 115200 baud, which is TI's default and is correct for |
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32 our standard FreeCalypso firmwares, for Openmoko's legacy firmwares and |
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33 for Pirelli's proprietary fw. Use -B 57600 for Compal's RVTMUX, the |
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34 one accessible via **16379#. |
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35 |
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36 -d <file descriptor number> |
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37 |
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38 This option is not meant for direct use by human users. It is inserted |
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39 automatically when rvtdump is launched from fc-xram as the secondary |
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40 program that immediately takes over the serial channel. |
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41 |
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42 -l logfile |
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43 |
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44 Log all received and decoded packets into the specified file in addition |
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45 to (without -b) or instead of (with -b) dumping them on stdout. Each |
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46 line in the log file is also time-stamped; the timestamps are in GMT |
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47 (gmtime(3)) instead of local time - Spacefalcon the Outlaw dislikes |
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48 local times. |
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49 |
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50 rvinterf |
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51 ======== |
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52 |
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53 Rvinterf (the specific program by this name) is an extended version of rvtdump |
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54 (see above) that decodes and dumps and/or logs any and all output generated by |
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55 the firmware running on the target just like rvtdump, but also creates a local |
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56 UNIX domain socket on the host machine to which "client" programs can connect. |
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57 "Client" programs connecting to rvinterf via this local socket interface can: |
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58 |
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59 1. Receive copies of selected RVTMUX packets coming from the target; |
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60 |
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61 2. Send arbitrary RVTMUX packets toward the target. |
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62 |
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63 Rvinterf is invoked just like rvtdump: |
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64 |
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65 rvinterf [options] /dev/ttyXXX |
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66 |
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67 The following options have the same meaning as in rvtdump, see the rvtdump |
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68 section above for the details: -b, -B, -d and -l. The only difference is that |
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69 -b without -l is potentially useful and thus allowed. |
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70 |
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71 Additional rvinterf options which don't exist in rvtdump are: |
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72 |
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73 -n |
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74 |
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75 Suppress the output on stdout like -b, but don't fork into background. |
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76 This option is passed by "client" programs when they invoke rvinterf |
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77 behind the scenes instead of connecting to an already-running rvinterf |
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78 instance. |
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79 |
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80 -s pathname_for_socket |
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81 |
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82 By default the local UNIX domain socket created by rvinterf is bound to |
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83 /tmp/rvinterf_socket; this option allows any other pathname to be |
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84 specified. |
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85 |
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86 -S <file descriptor number> |
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87 |
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88 This option is not meant for direct use by human users. It is passed |
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89 by "client" programs when they invoke rvinterf behind the scenes with |
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90 an unnamed and unbound socket pair instead of conecting to an already- |
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91 running rvinterf instance. |
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92 |
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93 -w number_in_seconds |
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94 |
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95 Reliable UART communication with a Calypso GSM device that can |
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96 potentially enter the so-called "deep sleep" mode requires certain |
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97 special workarounds that could be described as a bit of an ugly hack: |
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98 see the Deep-sleep-support article for the gory details. The hack |
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99 implemented in rvinterf is as follows: if a packet is to be sent to the |
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100 target and more than a set time has elapsed since the last transmitted |
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101 packet, the packet is preceded by a "wake-up shot" of 64 0 bytes |
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102 (outside of a packet, ignored by the fw) and a 100 ms pause. |
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103 |
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104 The -w option changes the elapsed time threshold at which the "wake-up |
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105 shot" is sent; the default is 7 s. Specify -w 0 to disable this hack |
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106 altogether. |
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107 |
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108 Client programs |
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109 =============== |
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110 |
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111 We have an entire family of so-called "client" programs which connect to |
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112 rvinterf via the local socket interface and use rvinterf as the back-end engine |
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113 for communicating with GSM device firmwares. The main ones are fc-fsio, |
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114 fc-shell and fc-tmsh described in the RVTMUX article, and the less important |
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115 ones are fc-memdump, fc-dspapidump, fc-readcal and fc-tmsync listed in |
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116 Host-tools-overview. There is also the fcup-rvtat program which is invoked |
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117 behind the scenes by fcup-* tools (see User-phone-tools) when they are used |
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118 with the -R option. |
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119 |
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120 All of these client programs can work in one of two ways: they can connect to |
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121 an already running rvinterf process through the UNIX domain socket mechanism, |
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122 or they can launch their own private instance of rvinterf behind the scenes, |
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123 using an unnamed and unbound socket pair. (Don't try to have two or more |
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124 rvinterf instances running on the same serial port, it won't work.) The |
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125 following command line options are standardized across all of our rvinterf |
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126 client programs: |
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127 |
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128 -p /dev/ttyXXX |
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129 |
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130 Don't connect to an already running rvinterf process, instead launch a |
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131 private instance of rvinterf on the named serial port. |
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132 |
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133 -B baud |
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134 -l logfile |
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135 -w number_in_seconds |
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136 |
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137 These options are valid only when -p is used, and are passed through to |
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138 rvinterf. |
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139 |
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140 -s pathname_for_socket |
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141 |
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142 Connect to a different local UNIX domain socket pathname instead of the |
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143 default /tmp/rvinterf_socket. This option is valid only when -p is not |
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144 used. |
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145 |
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146 Interactive vs. one-shot operation |
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147 ================================== |
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148 |
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149 Our main client programs fc-fsio, fc-shell, fc-tmsh and fc-tmsync can operate |
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150 in both interactive and one-shot modes. If there is a specific command given |
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151 on the invokation command line, that command is executed in the one-shot mode |
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152 (the program executes that one command, waits for the response from the target |
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153 if appropriate, and exits), otherwise each of the listed programs enters its |
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154 own interactive mode with its own prompt. The more specialized client programs |
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155 fc-memdump, fc-dspapidump and fc-readcal always operate in the one-shot manner. |
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156 |
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157 fc-fsio, fc-tmsync and the just-listed specialized client programs are |
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158 synchronous in nature: whether they are used interactively or in a one-shot |
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159 manner (single command per program invokation), all of their operations are |
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160 built from command-response primitives: each internal low-level function sends |
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161 a command packet to the target via rvinterf and waits for a response from the |
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162 target; not getting a response or getting a wrong or unexpected response is a |
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163 fatal error. There is no such thing as a no-wait mode (one-shot or otherwise) |
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164 with these synchronous programs. Furthermore, what appears to be a single |
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165 command at the high level may consist of a large number of command-response |
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166 packet exchanges under the hood, and the one-shot mode can be used equally |
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167 easily to run a simple command or a script consisting of many commands. The |
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168 fcup-* -R mechanism (implemented by way of the fcup-rvtat back-end program) is |
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169 also synchronous like the fc-fsio and fc-tmsync family. |
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170 |
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171 In contrast, fc-shell and fc-tmsh are asynchronous, and they work most naturally |
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172 in their interactive mode. An interactive fc-shell or fc-tmsh session is a |
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173 select loop that listens simultaneously for both user command input on the |
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174 terminal and packets from the target on the rvinterf socket; user commands cause |
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175 command packets to be sent to the target and any response packets received from |
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176 the target are decoded and displayed on the terminal, but these two directions |
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177 are completely decoupled from each other. The one-shot mode of operation is |
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178 inherently less natural with these programs, and constitutes a bit of a hack. |
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179 |
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180 fc-tmsh offers the same repertoire of commands in both interactive and one-shot |
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181 modes, and each of these commands sends a Test Mode command packet to the |
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182 target. The one-shot mode is actually two modes: one-shot with a wait for a |
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183 target response (default) and one-shot with no wait (-n option). One-shot with |
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184 no wait is straighforward: fc-tmsh constructs the requested TM command packet, |
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185 sends it to the target via rvinterf and exits. In the other one-shot mode |
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186 without -n, fc-tmsh sends the command packet to the target and falls into a loop |
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187 processing input from rvinterf; as soon as some (any) packet is received from |
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188 the target on the TM channel, that packet (which is decoded and displayed) is |
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189 considered to be the response and the program exits with a success indication. |
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190 |
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191 fc-shell is the oddest of the bunch: the set of one-shot commands is a subset |
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192 of those available in the interactive mode, as some of the commands cannot work |
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193 outside of the interactive mode select loop environment. Furthermore, almost |
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194 all of the one-shot commands in fc-shell always operate in the no-wait manner |
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195 whether -n is given or not. The only fc-shell one-shot commands which wait for |
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196 a target response in the absence of -n (similarly to fc-tmsh) are AT commands. |
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197 |
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198 Startup synchronization hack |
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199 ============================ |
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200 |
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201 There is one annoying issue that has been seen with FTDI USB-serial adapters: |
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202 when the serial port served by an FTDI adapter has been receiving serial traffic |
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203 from the target while no host program is running with the port open to read it, |
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204 and then a host program is started, that newly started host program will often |
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205 get some stale or total garbage input from the freshly opened ttyUSBx port on |
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206 startup. In most usage scenarios this issue is not a killer for our rvinterf |
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207 suite, only an annoyance: if rvinterf is started on a serial port with this |
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208 initial garbage, there will be some garbage displayed by rvinterf initially, |
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209 but then it will quickly regain synchronization with the running firmware |
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210 target. If there is any delay between the starting of rvinterf and command- |
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211 response packet exchanges with the target (if rvinterf is run explicitly by the |
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212 operator first and then the client program, or if the client program that |
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213 launches rvinterf is an interactive one), no problems occur: rvinterf will be |
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214 in sync with the target with all initial garbage flushed by the time it needs |
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215 to do the first command-response packet exchange. |
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216 |
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217 There is one potentially problematic usage scenario, though: consider what |
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218 happens when a one-shot operation is commanded, it is a type of one-shot |
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219 operation that includes waiting for a response from the target, and rvinterf is |
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220 being launched from the client program with -p. In this scenario there will be |
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221 a command packet sent to the target as soon as rvinterf starts up, and the |
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222 client program will expect rvinterf to capture and deliver the target fw's |
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223 response correctly, but there may not be enough time for rvinterf to clear the |
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224 initial garbage presented by the imperfect serial port hardware+driver |
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225 combination. |
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226 |
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227 Our solution to this potential trouble source is a hack: in the special case |
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228 when rvinterf is being launched by the client program with -p and when the |
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229 client operation to be performed falls into the category of one-shot with a wait |
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230 for the target fw response, a 30 ms delay is inserted after the return from the |
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231 vfork call that launches rvinterf and before any actual operations. This hack |
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232 has been deemed to be acceptable because this combination of doing one-shot |
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233 operations while launching rvinterf with -p is not a very sensible way of using |
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234 our rvinterf tools generally, hence it has been deemed acceptable to add a bit |
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235 of slowdown to this rather contrived use case. |