FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-tools

annotate doc/Loadtool-flash-support @ 786:b761029f9c03

Find changesets by keywords (author, files, the commit message), revision number or hash, or revset expression.
simagent: spenh command implemented
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Sat, 13 Mar 2021 22:41:33 +0000
parents 809829dbc58a
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
517
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1 fc-loadtool is our tool for reading and writing the non-volatile flash memory
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2 on all of our supported target devices, and the set of targets which it needs
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3 to support keeps growing. Here are some of the challenges we have to deal with:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5 * Some Calypso board designs use AMD-style flash, others use Intel-style flash.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
6 Initially we only supported AMD-style flash chips that were used in our first
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
7 targets (Openmoko GTA02 and Pirelli DP-L10), then we got other targets that
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
8 have Intel-style flash. So far we have not yet run into a case where both
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
9 kinds of flash can be encountered on the same target family, but our current
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
10 design supports this possibility.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
11
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
12 * All Calypso devices which we currently support have flash chips with non-
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
13 uniform sector geometries, i.e., the area that would otherwise be the first
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
14 or the last sector is subdivided into smaller sectors (erase units). Both
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
15 "top boot" (small sectors at high addresses) and "bottom boot" (small sectors
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
16 at low addresses) geometries are found among our targets, as well as flashes
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
17 that have small sectors at both ends. The exact sector geometry needs to be
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
18 known to the flash manipulation tool in order to perform correct flash erase
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
19 and program operations.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
20
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
21 * While most Calypso devices have a single flash chip providing a single bank
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
22 of flash (can be as small as 2 MiB or as big as 8 MiB), some of our targets
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
23 (our own FCDEV3B and the Pirelli DP-L10 phone from which the idea was copied)
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
24 provide two flash chip select banks of 8 MiB each. To make the matters even
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
25 more complicated, all of that flash is actually a single 16 MiB chip that has
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
26 two chip selects instead of one, specifically designed for processors like
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
27 our Calypso that can only address a maximum of 8 MiB per chip select.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
28
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
29 * It is a fixed target property whether a given board is wired for only one
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
30 flash chip select or allows the possibility of dual-bank flash, and if a
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
31 second flash chip select is provided for, which Calypso chip select it is
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
32 wired to.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
33
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
34 Given the existence of the CFI (Common Flash Interface) standard and the fact
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
35 that every flash chip we have encountered so far in a Calypso device does have
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
36 a readable CFI structure, one may naively think that the most sensible way to
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
37 support all of our possible flash configurations would be to read and parse the
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
38 CFI structure in a device-agnostic way (i.e., without special cases for specific
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
39 chip types) and thus support "everything". But here are the problems with this
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
40 simplistic approach:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
41
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
42 * On boards that have 16 MiB of flash in a Spansion S71PL129J or S71PL129N chip,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
43 it makes the most sense for us to treat this big flash as two separate banks
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
44 of 8 MiB each - but the CFI structure describes a single 16 MiB flash chip.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
45
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
46 * AMD-style flashes with "top boot" geometries are among our repertoire of
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
47 devices to be supported, and they have their regions listed in the wrong order
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
48 in the CFI structure - one needs to look in the AMD-specific part outside of
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
49 the vendor-neutral geometry structure to see the true "top boot" geometry.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
50
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
51 * Intel-style flashes with independent read/write partitions such that each
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
52 partition has its own status register and its own "read array" vs. "read SR"
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
53 state require special handling in our architecture, but autoconfiguring this
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
54 quirk agnostically from CFI seems too difficult to me, and I wouldn't trust
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
55 it.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
56
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
57 Our previous architectural attempts
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
58 ===================================
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
59
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
60 Initially we only supported two flash chip types, Samsung K5A32xx_T (Openmoko
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
61 GTA02) and Spansion S71PL129N (Pirelli DP-L10) with strictly manual selection:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
62 -h gta02 selected one and -h pirelli selected the other via hardware parameter
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
63 files. There was an ID check to prevent bogosity from wrong manual selection,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
64 but no autodetection or autoconfiguration. Then we added Compal target support;
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
65 aside from Mot C155/156 which has partition quirks that were only discovered
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
66 much later, these phones have simple Intel-style flashes without any of the CFI
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
67 problems listed above, thus they were handled via CFI. Thus we had a hybrid
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
68 architecture: Openmoko, Pirelli and FCDEV3B targets were handled by way of
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
69 manual selection and ID checks to catch errors, whereas Compal targets were
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
70 handled by way of CFI-based autodetection and autoconfiguration.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
71
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
72 Then it was discovered that the 8 MiB Intel-style flash on the D-Sample board
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
73 and on Mot C155/156 has partition quirks which our CFI-based autoconfiguration
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
74 (looking at vendor-agnostic geometry bits only) could not take care of, and the
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
75 solution was to move these targets from CFI-based autoconfiguration to the same
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
76 kind of fixed device selection and configuration as was used for AMD flashes.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
77 At that point our flash handling architecture became a mess, and when I started
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
78 questioning how to extend it further as the need arises to support more
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
79 different flash chip types on a wide variety of Calypso targets, it became
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
80 clear that a redesign was needed.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
81
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
82 Our current architecture
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
83 ========================
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
84
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
85 In our current architecture the only flash configuration that is indicated
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
86 statically in the hardware parameter files (selected with the -h option,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
87 practically meaning predefined target configurations) is board wiring
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
88 information. There are 3 possibilities that can be configured:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
89
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
90 flash single-4M base_addr -- wired for 1 bank of up to 4 MiB
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
91 flash single-8M base_addr -- wired for 1 bank of up to 8 MiB
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
92 flash dual-8M bank0_base bank1_base -- wired for 2 banks of up to 8 MiB each
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
93
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
94 Naturally the dual-8M configuration only makes sense for boards that are wired
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
95 with a provision for a second flash bank, in which case the second bank base
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
96 address will depend on the board wiring, i.e., which Calypso chip select it is.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
97 (Bank 0 base address will normally be 0x03000000, i.e., the alternate nCS0
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
98 mapping that needs to be used when the boot ROM is mapped at 0.) The choice
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
99 between single-4M and single-8M needs to match whether or not the associated
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
100 init script includes a "w16 fffef006 0008" command to enable ADD22.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
101
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
102 Beyond this board wiring configuration, the rest of flash support is based on a
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
103 hard-coded table of all supported devices (a table that can grow indefinitely)
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
104 plus autodetection amongst this supported set. In other words, fc-loadtool will
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
105 only operate on a given flash chip if it explicitly knows about that chip, but
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
106 the set of supported chips can be indefinitely extended without hitting
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
107 architectural barriers, and our autodetection logic will detect and handle any
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
108 supported chip on any board target.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
109
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
110 Autodetection details
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
111 =====================
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
112
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
113 The flash chip autodetection operation proceeds as follows:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
114
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
115 * A sequence of writes is done to put the chip into the Read ID mode,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
116 equivalent to the following hypothetical C code with base_addr being an
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
117 integer:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
118
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
119 *(volatile uint16_t *)(base_addr + 0xAAA) = 0xAA;
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
120 *(volatile uint16_t *)(base_addr + 0x554) = 0x55;
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
121 *(volatile uint16_t *)(base_addr + 0xAAA) = 0x90;
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
122
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
123 * 16-bit words at base_addr offsets of 0 and 2 (where the manufacturer and
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
124 device ID codes are expected to reside) are read, and this ID is looked up in
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
125 a table. If the ID code is not known, we give up and don't allow any flash
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
126 operations.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
127
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
128 * For most ID codes, if we have found the code in our table, we know what device
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
129 we should expect. But before we go ahead and assume that the command set and
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
130 the geometry are as we think based on the ID code, we also do a CFI check.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
131 Specifically, we put the flash chip into CFI query mode, read a defined set
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
132 of word locations (can be different for each chip type), and require these
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
133 words to match our compiled-in table. Thus we guard against the possibility
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
134 of some other flash chip having the same ID code (yes, there are known
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
135 instances of ID code reuse) but having a different geometry.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
136
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
137 * Some ID codes receive more complex handling. Right now the only such case is
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
138 Spansion PL-J/PL-N flash. PL129J and PL129N flashes have different geometries
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
139 and thus must be distinguished, but they have exactly the same ID codes and
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
140 can only be distinguished by CFI. We have CFI match tables for PL129J and
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
141 for PL129N; we try to match the CFI bits provided by the chip against one
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
142 table first, and if it fails to match, we try the other. (As an optimization,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143 we try the PL129N table first, as the N flash is the one found in real-world
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
144 Pirelli DP-L10 specimen and used on our FCDEV3B.) If the CFI matches neither
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
145 table, we give up and don't allow any flash operations.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
146
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
147 The end effect of this logic is that we err on the side of caution: we only
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
148 allow flash erase and program operations if we detect a flash chip which is
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
149 fully known to us and fully matches our expectations, with both the ID codes
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
150 and the CFI structure being as we expect.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
151
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
152 Adding support for new flash chip types
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
153 =======================================
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
154
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 All supported flash devices are listed in the fldevs.c source module; new
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
156 devices that differ in geometry, command set or quirks need to be added there.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
157 The description of each flash device in fldevs.c also includes the CFI table
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
158 that needs to matched to confirm the device in question. A different module
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
159 named flashid.c contains the autodetection function and the table of device ID
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
160 codes; the latter table always needs to be extended, sometimes adding an
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
161 entirely new device, othertimes adding a newly found ID code for some flash
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
162 chip that is fully equivalent to an already supported one in terms of geometry,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
163 command set and relevant quirks.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
164
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
165 What do you do if you are an end user (not a FreeCalypso developer) and you got
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
166 a Calypso device whose flash chip is not being recognized by fc-loadtool?
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 Answer: you send the output of the "flash id" command (contains ID codes) and a
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
168 dump of the CFI structure to Mother Mychaela for analysis. To make a dump of
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
169 the CFI structure, execute the following commands:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
170
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
171 loadtool> w16 030000aa 98
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
172 loadtool> dump2bin 03000000 200 cfidump.bin
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
173
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
174 Handling of dual-bank 16 MiB flash chips
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175 ========================================
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
176
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177 The Calypso can only address a maximum of 8 MiB per chip select, thus 16 MiB or
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
178 larger flash chips with a single chip select cannot be used in Calypso board
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
179 designs. However, there are some special 16 MiB flash chips that present
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
180 themselves as two banks of 8 MiB each (even though the CFI structure describes
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181 a single 16 MiB chip), and such flash chips are used on the Pirelli DP-L10 and
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182 on our own FCDEV3B.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 The flash handling architecture of fc-loadtool allows two banks to be configured
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 via a flash dual-8M setting in the hardware parameter file, and when that
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 configuration is used (-h fcfam and -h pirelli), the two banks are treated as
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 being entirely independent. All regular flash commands operate only on the main
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 bank, and a parallel set of flash2 commands operates on the secondary bank.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189 The autodetection logic and the resulting configuration are done independently
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 on each flash bank when it is first accessed, thus fc-loadtool would happily
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
191 handle two separate flash chips of different types, even though such arrangement
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 is not expected to occur in any Calypso device. But when a PL129J or PL129N
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193 device is detected (the two dual-bank devices we currently support) on the
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 autodetection probe of either bank, the operating geometry is configured
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 appropriately based on which bank it is.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 Primary flash bank mapping at 0x03000000
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 ========================================
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
199
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
200 When loadagent runs on the Calypso target controlled by fc-loadtool, the Calypso
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201 boot ROM will usually be mapped at 0, thus the alternate nCS0 mapping at
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 0x03000000 needs to be used for flash access. However, the Calypso chip (all
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203 versions we work with) has a little design bug in this part of the silicon:
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 this alternate nCS0 mapping at 0x03000000 works only when the debug visibility
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 bit in the API-RHEA control register (bit 6 in the FFFF:FB0E register) is set,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206 and does not work otherwise. This bit is initially set as the Calypso comes
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207 out of reset, and on most platforms we gain loadtool access via the boot ROM,
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 hence the problem does not occur - but on Compal targets we gain loadtool
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
209 access either through Compal's bootloader or via tfc139, and in both cases
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 Compal's fw (either the full fw or the bootloader part) has already set the
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211 register in question to the runtime operational value of 0x2A (unchanged from
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 TI's TCS211 reference fw), with the debug visibility bit cleared, hence the
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 0x03000000 flash mapping no longer works.
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 There are two possible solutions: we can write into the FFFF:FB10 register to
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 disable the boot ROM and use the "regular" flash mapping at 0, which is what we
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 used to do, or we can write into the FFFF:FB0E register and re-enable the debug
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 visibility mode. Right now we do the latter, allowing us to use the same
809829dbc58a new flash support documented
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
219 0x03000000 flash mapping on all targets for consistency.