FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-tools
annotate doc/User-phone-tools @ 619:f82551c77e58
libserial-newlnx: ASYNC_LOW_LATENCY patch reverted
Reports from Das Signal indicate that loadtools performance on Debian
is about the same as on Slackware, and that including or omitting the
ASYNC_LOW_LATENCY patch from Serg makes no difference. Because the
patch in question does not appear to be necessary, it is being reverted
until and unless someone other than Serg reports an actual real-world
system on which loadtools operation times are slowed compared to the
Mother's Slackware reference and on which Slackware-like performance
can be restored by setting the ASYNC_LOW_LATENCY flag.
author | Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org> |
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date | Thu, 27 Feb 2020 01:09:48 +0000 |
parents | b5235f8240b9 |
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rev | line source |
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1 FreeCalypso User Phone Tools are a new software addition to the FreeCalypso |
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2 family. These tools are programs that run on a Unix host computer such as a |
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3 GNU/Linux PC or laptop and communicate with a FreeCalypso phone or modem via |
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4 the standard AT command interface, rather than any of the formerly proprietary |
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5 interfaces specific to TI's internal architecture. The following tools are |
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6 currently available: |
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7 |
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8 fcup-at Issues an arbitrary AT command given on the command line. |
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9 |
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10 fcup-settime Issues AT+CCLK command to the target to set its clock to the |
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11 host computer's notion of local time. |
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12 |
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13 fcup-smdump Retrieves a dump of SMS records (received, sent or stored |
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14 messages) from the FC device's SMS storage (currently SIM |
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15 storage; ME storage may be implemented in the future), |
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16 optionally deleting them from the severely space-limited |
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17 SIM/ME storage afterward. |
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18 |
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19 fcup-smsend* Tools for sending outgoing SMS from a host computer through a |
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20 FreeCalypso phone or modem and/or writing such outgoing SMS |
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21 into the FC device's SMS storage. |
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22 |
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23 fcup-smwrite Debug and development tool: writes arbitrary message records |
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24 into the FC device's SMS storage (currently SIM storage) in any |
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25 of the possible 4 states, with arbitrary incoming or outgoing |
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26 SMS PDU content. |
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27 |
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28 Because these tools communicate with the target via standards-defined AT |
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29 commands, in theory they ought to work with any AT-command-speaking 3GPP phone |
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30 or modem and not just our own FreeCalypso. However, experience has shown that |
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31 in the case of the common proprietary implementations, practice does not match |
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32 theory: when I (Mychaela) tried these same AT commands against a random |
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33 off-the-shelf proprietary modem (Huawei E303 USB stick modem for 3G), the |
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34 following problems were seen: |
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35 |
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36 * The essential AT+CMGL=4 command for retrieving the full set of SMS records |
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37 from SIM storage in PDU mode appears to be broken: all I got was a hang. |
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38 Its text mode counterpart AT+CMGL="ALL" produces incomplete output. |
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39 |
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40 * Qualcomm/Huawei's implementation of the AT command interface does not allow |
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41 AT+CSCS to be set to "HEX"; our fcup-smdump implementation uses this setting |
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42 so that the phonebook names returned along with SMS PDUs in the +CMGL |
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43 responses can be parsed reliably no matter what weird characters they might |
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44 contain. |
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45 |
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46 * Setting AT+CSCS to "8859-1" is not supported either; this setting is used by |
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47 our fcup-smsend and fcup-smsendmult tools when sending in text mode. |
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48 |
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49 * Sending outgoing SMS with fcup-smsend in PDU mode (which does not touch |
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50 AT+CSCS) works in that the message goes out, but the tool complains afterward |
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51 because the echo after the ^Z is different from what our tools expect. |
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52 |
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53 Because of these quirks, our FC User Phone Tools officially work only with our |
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54 own FreeCalypso phones and modems, and are not expected to work against various |
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55 proprietary implementations. Let us not forget that the broken and buggy nature |
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56 of the common proprietary implementations is the very reason why we need |
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57 FreeCalypso in the first place. |
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58 |
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59 Target interface options |
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60 ======================== |
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61 |
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62 Our fcup-* tools can communicate with the AT-command-speaking target in one of |
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63 two ways: |
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64 |
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65 * The default is the standard AT command interface over a dedicated UART. As |
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66 of this writing, the only FreeCalypso device that provides a full-featured AT |
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67 command interface of this kind is our FCDEV3B modem, but the ultimate goal of |
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68 the project is to build our own end user phone handset (a Libre Dumbphone) |
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69 that will also provide a full-featured AT command interface on its USB port |
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70 via a built-in CP2102 or FT232R chip. |
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71 |
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72 * As a dirty hack, one can run FreeCalypso GSM fw on some alien hw targets, |
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73 currently Motorola C1xx and Pirelli DP-L10. In this hacked-up configuration |
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74 there is no dedicated UART available for a standard AT command interface, but |
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75 there is a hack that allows a limited subset of AT commands to be passed over |
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76 the RVTMUX binary packet interface provided by the running FreeCalypso GSM fw. |
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77 Our fcup-* tools can work with this alternate target interface option and |
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78 thereby support these crippled targets. |
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79 |
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80 The AT-over-RVTMUX mechanism was originally invented back in 2015 as a |
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81 development aid, and was never intended for production use or to support any |
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82 kind of end user functionality. One of the limitations of its original |
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83 incarnation was that the strings that are sent to ATI via this interface were |
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84 limited to 254 characters, whereas sending or writing SMS in hex format |
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85 requires longer strings. As of early 2019, this limitation has been lifted: |
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86 our Magnetite and Selenite firmwares from 20190109 onward support an extended |
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87 version of our AT-over-RVTMUX hack that allows longer strings to be sent in |
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88 pieces, and the present version of our FC User Phone Tools suite will send the |
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89 strings it generates via this extended mechanism whenever they exceed the old |
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90 254 character limit. The new mechanism works correctly starting with the |
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91 20190128 firmware release for modem products and the 20190129 fw release for |
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92 Mot C1xx phones, thus when the present version of FC User Phone Tools is used |
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93 to communicate with our current firmwares, both target interface options provide |
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94 equivalent functionality on all supported targets. |
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95 |
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96 All fcup-* tools take the following common command line options for selecting |
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97 the AT command target interface: |
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98 |
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99 -B baud Valid only when -p is also given; selects a different baud rate |
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100 than the default 115200 bps. |
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101 |
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102 -n Dry run debug mode with no target interface at all: the AT |
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103 commands which would otherwise be sent to the target are simply |
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104 printed on stdout. |
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105 |
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106 -p ttyport Names the serial port to be used to talk to the target. |
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107 |
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108 -R Use the AT-over-RVTMUX interface instead of the standard AT |
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109 command interface over a dedicated UART. |
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110 |
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111 -X program Use the specified external program as the AT target |
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112 communication back-end; read the source code for the details. |
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113 |
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114 -R and -p options interact as follows: |
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115 |
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116 Neither -R The standard dedicated AT command interface is used; |
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117 nor -p FC_GSM_DEVICE= environment variable needs to be set |
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118 to point to the serial port. |
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119 |
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120 -p only The standard dedicated AT command interface is used; |
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121 the serial port is named with the -p option. |
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122 |
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123 -R only AT-over-RVTMUX interface is used; the fcup-* tool connects |
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124 to an already running rvinterf process. |
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125 |
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126 -R and -p AT-over-RVTMUX interface is used; a new rvinterf process |
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127 is launched to talk RVTMUX on the specified serial port. |
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128 |
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129 Retrieving and decoding stored SMS |
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130 ================================== |
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131 |
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132 As of this writing, our current FreeCalypso GSM firmware supports only SIM |
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133 storage for SMS, i.e., there is no working mechanism currently for storing SMS |
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134 records (received and sent messages) in the phone's or modem's own flash file |
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135 system. The capacity of this SIM SMS storage is determined by the SIM issuer, |
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136 but it is typically quite limited, on the order of 20 to 30 messages. |
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137 |
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138 The model adopted for FreeCalypso is that incoming (and possibly saved outgoing) |
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139 messages initially accumulate in the SIM storage as they come in, and then the |
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140 user periodically transfers them to her larger host computer, simultaneously |
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141 deleting them from the SIM storage to reclaim the limited space. The retrieval |
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142 of stored SMS from FreeCalypso GSM devices is accomplished with our fcup-smdump |
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143 utility; like all SMS operations with the current tools+firmware combination, |
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144 this operation works exactly the same whether the FC GSM device offers a full- |
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145 featured AT command interface or only AT over RVTMUX. SMS retrieval is always |
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146 done in PDU mode, and the output from fcup-smdump contains raw SMS PDUs in the |
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147 form of long hex strings. A separate utility called sms-pdu-decode then does |
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148 what its name says. |
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149 |
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150 The intended mode of usage is something like this: |
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151 |
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152 fcup-smdump -d >> long-term-sms-log |
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153 |
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154 The -d option to fcup-smdump tells it to delete the retrieved messages from the |
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155 SIM or future ME storage; this option should only be used when the output is |
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156 redirected into some kind of longer-term storage. In the above model the file |
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157 named long-term-sms-log becomes what its name says as new messages retrieved |
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158 from the FC GSM device get added to it; the format will look like this: |
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159 |
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160 Received message: |
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161 XXXXXX... |
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162 |
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163 Received message: |
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164 XXXXXX... |
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165 |
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166 Sent message: |
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167 XXXXXX... |
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168 |
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169 Stored unsent message: |
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170 XXXXXX... |
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171 |
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172 Received message: |
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173 XXXXXX... |
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174 |
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175 Each of the "XXXXXX..." lines will be a long hex string giving an SMS PDU. The |
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176 idea is that the complete record of all received and sent messages should be |
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177 stored on the user's big computer in raw PDU form, rather than decoded, and the |
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178 decoding utility sms-pdu-decode should be invoked by the user (with the message |
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179 log file as input) as needed for reading these messages. |
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180 |
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181 The message decoding utility sms-pdu-decode does its best to decode and show |
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182 everything without dropping any bits: in addition to the actual decoded message |
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183 characters and the From/To address (the "end user" content of the message), it |
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184 decodes and shows the SC address, the first octet, the MR octet for outgoing |
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185 messages, PID and DCS octets, the SC timestamp or the validity period fields, |
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186 and the UDH bytes if present. However, some bits can still be lost in the |
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187 decoding, which is why it is important to archive messages in the raw PDU form: |
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188 |
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189 * Padding bits used to round the From/To address and septet-based user data to |
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190 an octet boundary and to round any UDH to a septet boundary are not decoded. |
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191 |
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192 * If the user data portion of the message is 8-bit or compressed data (per the |
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193 DCS octet), it is shown as a raw hex dump, which is lossless, but if it is |
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194 GSM7 or UCS-2 text (GSM 03.38 character encodings), the characters are |
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195 converted to the user's character set (plain ASCII only by default) for |
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196 display, and some characters may not be displayable. |
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197 |
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198 Character sets and encodings |
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199 ---------------------------- |
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200 |
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201 By default, sms-pdu-decode only emits 7-bit ASCII characters in its output; any |
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202 GSM7 or UCS-2 characters which fall outside of this plain ASCII repertoire are |
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203 displayed as the '?' error character and the presence of such decoding errors |
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204 is indicated in the Length: header. This conservative default behaviour can be |
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205 modified as follows: |
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206 |
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207 -e option extends the potential output character repertoire from 7-bit ASCII to |
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208 8-bit ISO 8859-1. Any 8859-1 high characters are emitted as single bytes, |
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209 i.e., are NOT encoded in UTF-8 - this option is intended for non-UTF-8 |
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210 environments. |
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211 |
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212 -u option extends the potential output character repertoire to the entire Basic |
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213 Multilingual Plane of Unicode, and changes the output encoding to UTF-8. |
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214 |
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215 -h option causes the user data portion of every message to be displayed as a |
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216 raw hex dump; in the case of GSM7-encoded messages, this hex dump shows the |
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217 unpacked septets. |
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218 |
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219 Composing and sending outgoing SMS |
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220 ================================== |
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221 |
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222 When used in the default PDU mode (which now works on all targets with our |
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223 current firmware and tools), the primary SMS sending/writing tool fcup-smsend |
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224 offers the following capabilities: |
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225 |
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226 * Sending outgoing messages in either GSM7 or UCS-2 encoding; |
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227 * Sending either single or long (concatenated) SMS; |
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228 * Message body input in ASCII, ISO 8859-1 or UTF-8; |
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229 * Message body input either on the command line or on stdin; |
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230 * Any messages sent through this tool (single or concatenated) may be |
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231 multiline, i.e., may contain embedded newlines; |
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232 * Messages sent in GSM7 encoding can contain ASCII characters [\]^ and {|}~ |
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233 - the tool is smart enough to do the necessary escape encoding. |
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234 |
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235 The default and preferred AT command interface mode for sending/writing SMS is |
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236 PDU mode, which works great when the GSM device provides a proper AT command |
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237 interface. However, when a message of maximum or near-maximum length is being |
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238 submitted to the modem in PDU mode, the hex string that needs to be sent is |
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239 quite long, and at the time when our FC User Phone Tools were first designed |
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240 and written, our AT-over-RVTMUX mechanism could not handle such long strings. |
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241 Because we sought to have at least limited SMS sending and writing support for |
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242 crippled Motorola and Pirelli targets, we also implemented text mode support in |
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243 fcup-smsend and fcup-smsendmult, enabled with the -t option. In this text (-t) |
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244 mode the following restrictions apply: |
388
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245 |
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246 * Only single SMS can be sent, not concatenated; |
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247 * Only GSM7-encoded messages can be sent, not UCS-2; |
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248 * No multiline messages can be sent, i.e., no newlines in the message body; |
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249 * ASCII characters [\]^ and {|}~ won't be sent correctly - GSM 07.05 text mode |
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250 drops them. |
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251 |
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252 Now that we have extended our AT-over-RVTMUX mechanism to support longer strings |
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253 and gained full support for PDU mode on all targets, the above -t mode is no |
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254 longer necessary for any use case, as the default PDU mode is a proper superset |
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255 in functionality. However, support for this -t mode has been retained, as |
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256 removing software functionality for no good reason is not the way of FOSS. |
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257 |
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258 The invokation syntax is as follows: |
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259 |
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260 fcup-smsend [options] dest-addr [message] |
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261 |
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262 The destination address must be given on the command line; the address digits |
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263 may be optionally followed by a comma and an address type byte, either decimal |
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264 or hexadecimal with 0x prefix. The default address type is 0x91 if the number |
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265 begins with a '+' or 0x81 otherwise. If the message body is given on the |
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266 command line, it must be given as a single argument; if no message body argument |
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267 is given, the message body will be read from stdin. Any trailing newlines are |
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268 stripped before SMS encoding. |
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269 |
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270 The following options are supported, in addition to the common target interface |
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271 options listed earlier: |
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272 |
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273 -c Enables concatenated SMS. Concatenated SMS will be sent only |
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274 if the message body exceeds 160 GSM7 or 70 UCS-2 characters, |
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275 otherwise plain SMS will be sent whether -c is given or not - |
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276 but the -c option enables the possibility of sending |
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277 concatenated SMS. |
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278 |
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279 -C refno Enables concatenated SMS like -c, but also explicitly sets the |
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280 concatenated SMS reference number to be used. The number can |
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281 be either decimal or hexadecimal with 0x prefix. |
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282 |
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283 -q Concatenated SMS quiet mode. If -c is given without -q, the |
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284 tool prints a message on stdout indicating whether the message |
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285 was sent as single or concatenated, and in how many parts. |
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286 -q suppresses this additional output. |
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287 |
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288 -t Use text mode instead of PDU mode on the AT command interface. |
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289 This option is incompatible with -c and with -U, and introduces |
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290 other restrictions listed above. |
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291 |
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292 -u By default, if the message body input contains any 8-bit |
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293 characters, they are interpreted as ISO 8859-1. With -u they |
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294 are interpreted as UTF-8 instead. This option is only relevant |
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295 for GSM7 output encoding, and it is implemented by converting |
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296 the input first from UTF-8 to 8859-1, and then from 8859-1 to |
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297 GSM7 - thus all UTF-8 input characters must fall into the |
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298 8859-1 repertoire, and it is not currently possible to send |
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299 GSM7-encoded messages containing the few Greek letters or the |
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300 Euro currency symbol allowed by GSM 03.38 encoding. |
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301 |
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302 -U Send message in UCS-2 encoding instead of GSM7. Any 8-bit |
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303 characters in the message body input are interpreted as UTF-8, |
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304 and the entire Basic Multilingual Plane of Unicode is allowed. |
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305 |
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306 -w By default the outgoing message is sent out on the GSM network |
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307 with the AT+CMGS command. With this -w option, the message is |
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308 first written into SIM or future ME SMS storage with AT+CMGW, |
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309 then sent out on the GSM network with AT+CMSS. |
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310 |
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311 -W Write only, not send: the message is written into storage with |
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312 AT+CMGW and no further action is taken. The modem's +CMGW: |
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313 responses with message storage indices are forwarded to stdout. |
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314 With this option the destination address argument can be a null |
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315 string or omitted altogether. |
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316 |
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317 Concatenated SMS reference numbers |
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318 ---------------------------------- |
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319 |
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320 Every concatenated SMS transmission needs a reference number, and this number |
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321 needs to increment from one concatenated SMS to the next, to help message |
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322 recipients sort out which is which. If the reference number is not given |
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323 explicitly with -C, fcup-smsend creates (opens with O_RDWR|O_CREAT) a file |
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324 named .concat_sms_refno in the invoking user's $HOME directory; automatically |
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325 incrementing reference numbers are maintained in this file. The initial seed |
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326 is an XOR of all bytes of the current time returned by gettimeofday(2), |
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327 followed by simple linear incrementing; these reference numbers do not need to |
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328 be random in any kind of cryptographically secure sense. |
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329 |
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330 fcup-smsendmult |
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331 =============== |
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332 |
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333 As an alternative to sending concatenated SMS, one can use the fcup-smsendmult |
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334 utility to send several single (no UDH) messages in one batch. This utlity |
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335 supports both text and PDU modes (PDU mode is still the preferred default when |
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336 it can be used), and when PDU mode is used, it supports both GSM7 and UCS-2 |
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337 output encodings just like fcup-smsend. The messages to be sent are read from |
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338 stdin, and each input line produces a new message. |
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339 |
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340 The entire batch of messages can be sent to a single recipient, or each message |
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341 in the batch can have its own individual destination address. If the |
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342 destination address is given on the command line, each input line read from |
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343 stdin is just a message body; if no destination address is given on the command |
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344 line, each input line must have the following format: |
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345 |
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346 <dest addr><white space><message body> |
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347 |
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348 -t, -u, -U, -w and -W command line options are unchanged from fcup-smsend. |
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349 |
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350 This fcup-smsendmult method of sending batched SMS was originally envisioned as |
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351 an alternative to concatenated SMS for crippled hw targets that couldn't support |
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352 sending SMS in PDU mode, but that limitation has now been lifted. Because we |
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353 do not remove already-implemented functionality for no good reason, the tool |
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354 currently remains in search of new potential use cases. |
388
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355 |
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356 fcup-smsendpdu |
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357 ============== |
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358 |
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359 This utility sends out SMS PDUs that have been prepared externally; it only |
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360 works in PDU mode - originally it was limited to high-end FreeCalypso hardware |
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361 with a full AT command interface, but now we've got PDU mode working on all |
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362 targets. The PDUs to be sent out are read from stdin, one long hex string PDU |
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363 per line; one can send either a single message or a batch. Because the |
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364 destination address and all content details are encoded in the PDU, the tool |
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365 does not care if the messages are going to the same recipient or to different |
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366 recipients, nor does it care if they constitute a concatenated SMS transmission |
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367 or not. -w and -W options work the same way as in fcup-smsend and |
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368 fcup-smsendmult. |
388
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369 |
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370 fcup-smwrite |
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371 ============ |
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372 |
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373 This utility is a debug and development tool; it differs from fcup-smsendpdu in |
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374 the following ways: |
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375 |
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376 * fcup-smsendpdu can send messages out with AT+CMGS, write them into memory |
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377 with AT+CMGW, or do a write-then-send sequence (-w option) with AT+CMGW |
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378 followed by AT+CMSS. fcup-smwrite only issues AT+CMGW commands. |
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379 |
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380 * fcup-smwrite passes a second argument to AT+CMGW that sets the message state |
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381 to any of the possible 4 values; fcup-smsend* -W put them in the "stored |
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382 unsent" state. |
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383 |
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384 * The input to fcup-smsendpdu is just PDU hex strings; the input to |
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385 fcup-smwrite needs to have the same format as fcup-smdump output in order to |
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386 indicate what state each message should be written in. |