FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-reveng
annotate bootrom.notes @ 14:3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
messed up earlier with some var locations: the darned offsets were decimal
author | Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG> |
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date | Wed, 24 Apr 2013 23:49:39 +0000 |
parents | e0ce45f043c0 |
children | 383a4ef12551 |
rev | line source |
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1 Application images in flash: |
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2 |
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3 In order for the nCS0 flash content to be considered a valid bootable image |
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4 (i.e., for the boot ROM to transfer control to it, rather than wait forever |
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5 for a UART download), the 32-bit word at address 0x2000 (the first word |
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6 after the ROM-overlaid portion) must contain either 0 or 1, corresponding |
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7 to two supported environment options: |
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8 |
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9 * If the word at 0x2000 equals 0, it signifies an application image that is |
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10 designed to run with the boot ROM still mapped at 0, with ARM exceptions |
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11 vectoring through the 7 magic RAM locations at 0x80001C, and possibly |
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12 through the 2nd level ("user-friendly") vector table at 0x800000 as well. |
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13 |
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14 If the word at 0x2000 equals 0, the following word at 0x2004 must contain |
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15 the absolute address of the boot entry point; the boot ROM will transfer |
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16 control to that address with the FFFF:FB10 register set to explicitly map |
a445735685ba
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17 the internal boot ROM at 0. It is a BX-style address: setting the least |
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18 significant bit will result in control being transferred in the Thumb state. |
a445735685ba
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19 |
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20 * If the word at 0x2000 equals 1, it signifies an application image that is |
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21 at least conceptually independent of the Calypso boot ROM - one that would, |
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22 at least in theory, function correctly with nIBOOT tied/pulled/driven HIGH, |
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23 or even on an older DBB chip with no internal boot ROM. |
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24 |
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25 When the boot ROM code sees a 1 in the 0x2000 word, it copies a little piece |
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26 of code into the internal ROM and runs it there; this code sets the FFFF:FB10 |
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27 register to disable the internal boot ROM (map the external nCS0 memory at 0, |
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28 as if nIBOOT were high) and causes the watchdog timer to go off, resetting |
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29 the ARM core and causing it to execute the external nCS0 reset vector. |
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30 |
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31 UART protocol |
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32 |
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33 The external host initiates every operation by sending a command to the |
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34 Calypso target running the boot ROM code. Every command begins with '<' and |
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35 a lowercase ASCII letter; just the initial '<' is sufficient to interrupt |
25b016d16602
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36 the flash image autoboot. The external host shound send these commands at |
25b016d16602
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37 19200 baud, 8N1, and the boot ROM will intuit whether the Calypso is being |
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38 clocked with 13 or 26 MHz by trying the two possible clocking setups |
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39 alternately, with the UART baud rate registers set to /42 in both cases, |
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40 until a clean '<' is received. |
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41 |
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42 Commands: |
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43 |
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44 <a |
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45 |
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46 <b |
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47 |
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48 Followed by 4 bytes, giving a 32-bit value in MSB-first order. The value is |
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49 written to 800538, and the 0x2c8 function returns code 6. |
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50 |
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51 <c |
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52 |
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53 <i |
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54 |
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55 <p |
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56 |
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57 Followed by 9 bytes: |
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58 1 byte: goes into var at 800518 |
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59 1 byte: goes into var at 800521 |
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60 2 bytes: 16-bit MSB-first value goes into var at 800522 |
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61 1 byte: goes into var at 800525 |
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62 4 bytes: 32-bit MSG-first value goes into var at 80051C |
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63 |
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64 <w |
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65 |
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66 Followed by: |
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67 1 byte: block number (of this block) |
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68 1 byte: total # of blocks |
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69 2 bytes: # of payload bytes in this block (MSB first) |
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70 4 bytes: load address for this block (MSB first) |
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71 data |
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72 |
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73 for a single block (both bytes after <w set to 01), the maximum allowed |
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74 payload length is 1015 (0x3F7) bytes. |
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75 |
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76 RAM layout: |
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77 |
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78 800000 7 words: |
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79 soft-vector pointers: by default the following 7 words at |
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80 80001C are filled with ldr-jump instructions, which read |
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81 from these 7 words and load them into PC |
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82 80001C 7 words: |
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83 hard vectors: the physical vector locations in the ROM |
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84 contain branch instructions to these 7 RAM addresses |
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85 800038: The helper routine for transferring control to type 1 flash images |
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86 is copied to and run here. |
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87 800100: the last word of the above routine |
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88 800104: word initialized to 0x0001D4C0 - tells the 0x2c8 routine |
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89 how long to wait for a character |
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90 800108: byte initialized to 0x01 |
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91 80010C: all bytes of a '<w' command after these two command chars |
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92 are stored starting here |
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93 this buffer is also used for other scratchpad functions: <p |
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94 command bytes, all response messages |
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95 80050B: the above buffer ends here |
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96 |
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97 The group of vars starting at 800518 may have been envisioned |
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98 as a struct - see the routine at 0x11c: |
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99 |
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100 800518: byte variable receives the first parameter byte after '<p' |
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101 init to 04 by '<i' |
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102 80051C: 32-bit var set by the '<p' command |
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103 800520: byte variable filled every time the 0xfb4 routine is called |
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104 holds the ID of the UART on which '<' came in, or FF if none |
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105 800521: byte variable receives the 2nd parameter byte after '<p' |
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106 800522: 16-bit var set by the '<p' command |
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107 800524: byte variable filled every time the 0xfb4 routine is called |
a06573cacb6e
boot ROM re: trying to understand the code that runs after '<' received
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
7
diff
changeset
|
108 filled with a copy of 800534 |
13
e0ce45f043c0
boot ROM re: continuing plowing through the serial protocol code
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
12
diff
changeset
|
109 800525: byte var set by the '<p' command |
14
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
110 800526: 16-bit var init to 0 by 0x11c ('<i' handler) |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
111 byte following the '<c' command is extended to a half-word and |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
112 written here |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
113 800528: 16-bit var init to 0 by 0x11c ('<i' handler) |
8
a06573cacb6e
boot ROM re: trying to understand the code that runs after '<' received
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
7
diff
changeset
|
114 |
14
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
115 80052C: 32-bit var init to 0 by 0x11c ('<i' handler) |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
116 word holds the argument of the '<b' command |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
117 800530: byte indicates validity of the received '<w' command: |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
118 0 means valid, 1 means something bad |
3443b1b08af4
boot ROM re: starting to unravel the serial command handling
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
13
diff
changeset
|
119 init to 0 by 0x11c |
12
25b016d16602
boot ROM re: making inroads into the 0x2c8 routine
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
8
diff
changeset
|
120 |
8
a06573cacb6e
boot ROM re: trying to understand the code that runs after '<' received
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
7
diff
changeset
|
121 800534: byte initialized to 0x00, then may be set to 1 by the 0xfb4 |
a06573cacb6e
boot ROM re: trying to understand the code that runs after '<' received
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
7
diff
changeset
|
122 routine if it selects /1 clock mode. |
3
e3f8fe6a848e
boot ROM re: started on main() and the 0xe2c routine
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
123 |
e3f8fe6a848e
boot ROM re: started on main() and the 0xe2c routine
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
124 8005C0: appears to be the intended low address (bottom) of the stack |
e3f8fe6a848e
boot ROM re: started on main() and the 0xe2c routine
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
125 80074C: top of the stack (initial value loaded into SP) |
13
e0ce45f043c0
boot ROM re: continuing plowing through the serial protocol code
Michael Spacefalcon <msokolov@ivan.Harhan.ORG>
parents:
12
diff
changeset
|
126 800750: lowest address at which user code may be loaded |