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minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Sun, 01 Oct 2023 08:17:05 +0000
parents 269b330ac428
children
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269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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1 FreeCalypso Minnie GSM MS development board
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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2 Design specification
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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3
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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4 0. Purpose
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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5
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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6 FC Minnie board is being produced for one primary purpose: to provide an
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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7 alternative to the horrible (in the opinion of the Mother of FreeCalypso)
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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8 GTM900-based application board design being developed by Sysmocom in the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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9 project identified as OS#4030. A situation in which the Horribilis board is
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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10 readily and cheaply available to the worldwide GSM hacker/enthusiast community
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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11 yet no better alternatives are available would be an unacceptable travesty,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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12 hence I (Mother Mychaela) feel a moral imperative to develop, produce and make
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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13 available a better board, even though this venture will almost certainly come
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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14 at a loss in economic terms.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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15
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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16 1. Overview of proposed new board
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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17
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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18 FC Minnie will be a single PCBA featuring the following key components:
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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19
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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20 * FC Tango module containing the Calypso GSM MS core;
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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21 * RF plumbing, terminating in a standard SMA female connector hanging off
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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22 the edge of the board;
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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23 * A standard SIM 2FF socket;
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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24 * A USB subsystem built around FT2232H, providing two UART channels behind
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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25 a single USB device.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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26
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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27 The principal way of operating this board will be via USB-carried UARTs: the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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28 operator will need to connect USB between her computer and FC Minnie board, and
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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29 two ttyUSB devices will appear, corresponding to Calypso Modem and IrDA UARTs.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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30
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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31 FC Minnie is intended to be a GSM MS board of modem rather than handset type:
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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32 there are no hw provisions for connecting phone UI peripherals such as an LCD
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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33 or a keypad, and the board is NOT designed to operate untethered, without a
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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34 host computer connected via USB. FreeCalypso family of projects includes a
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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35 plan for a different GSM MS board, named FC Venus, that will be designed to run
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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36 untethered with a 176x220 pixel LCD and a keypad matching the legendary
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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37 historical D-Sample board from TI - but FC Venus will be an expensive board,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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38 reserved for those who truly share the Mother's vision for FreeCalypso, and
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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39 cannot compete with the OS#4030 application board coming out of Sysmocom.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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40
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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41 1.1. Powering arrangement
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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42
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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43 The board will consist of two separate power domains: GSM and USB. The GSM
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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44 domain will require a separate power supply, and cannot be powered from USB.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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45 The battery-emulating power supply for the GSM MS core will be the same as used
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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46 for FCDEV3B and Caramel2 boards, with the same FC-standard power connector.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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47 FreeCalypso HQ already has a large batch of these power supplies that were made
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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48 for us on a semi-custom basis, and we can provide them at a cost of about $7
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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49 per unit - hence from the cost perspective, there is no justification for
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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50 breaking FreeCalypso tradition and changing the design to a different powering
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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51 arrangement,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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52
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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53 OTOH, USB will be the sole source of power for the FT2232H subsystem - if there
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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54 is no USB host connected, this subsystem will be unpowered.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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55
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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56 1.1.1. Power domain boundary crossing
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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57
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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58 With USB and GSM sides of the board separately powered, there are two partial
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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59 power-down (PPD) scenarios to be concerned with:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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60
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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61 PPD1: The USB host is plugged in, but there is no battery-emulating power supply
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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62 connected, or the GSM MS power supply is connected, but the chipset is in its
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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63 switched-off state per Iota VRPC.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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64
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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65 PPD2: The GSM MS power supply is connected and the chipset is switched on in the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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66 soft power switching sense, but there is no USB host connected and the FT2232H
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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67 subsystem is unpowered.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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68
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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69 PPD2 is an error case: because this board is not designed to operate untethered,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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70 the combination of booting the Calypso chipset and its flashed firmware without
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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71 a connected USB host is invalid. However, this combination can happen very
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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72 easily by mistake, hence the hardware needs to handle it without entering a
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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73 state in which it would be subjected to serious adverse conditions such as
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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74 excessive current flow. OTOH, PPD1 is a scenario that is expected to occur all
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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75 the time in standard FreeCalypso workflows: the USB host is connected but the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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76 chipset has not been commanded to switch on yet, or the GSM MS has executed a
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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77 soft poweroff but the USB host hasn't been unplugged yet.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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78
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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79 The set of LVC buffers inserted between FT2232H and Calypso I/O pins is expected
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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80 to provide correct graceful handling of both PPD scenarios, as detailed in
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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81 section 2.1.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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82
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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83 1.2. FT2232H USB subsystem
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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84
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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85 Standard FreeCalypso workflows require that both Calypso UARTs be connected to
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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86 the development host side by side. In the olden days of TI's own developers
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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87 working in TI offices with D-Sample and earlier development boards, the GSM MS
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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88 board would bring out two DE9F RS-232 ports, engineers had desktop PCs outfitted
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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89 with special multiport serial cards, and there was a pair of RS-232 cables for
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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90 each GSM MS development board. In the present day USB is a much more practical
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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91 alternative, and the need to have both Calypso UARTs presented to the developer
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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92 side by side translates into a requirement for a two-channel USB-serial chip
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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93 that goes from one USB device to two UART channels. Additional requirements
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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94 for this two-channel USB-serial chip are:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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95
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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96 * The two channels should be symmetric from the chip's PoV, so that the choice
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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97 of which channel goes to which Calypso UART can be made by FreeCalypso
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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98 convention. The latter convention says that in the absence of other ttyUSB
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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99 devices, ttyUSB0 shall be Calypso Modem UART (AT command channel) and ttyUSB1
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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100 shall be Calypso IrDA UART (rvinterf channel).
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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101
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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102 * The USB-serial chip needs to support non-standard baud rates, including an
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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103 ability to handle 203125/406250/812500 bps, and this support should be
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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104 available on both channels, so that no additional constraints are imposed on
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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105 possible developer workflows.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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106
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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107 Out of the repertoire of USB-serial chips which I (Mother Mychaela) am familiar
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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108 with, only FT2232x (either FT2232C/D or FT2232H) fit the bill. My original
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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109 preference was for FT2232D, but that chip has just been discontinued, thus
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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110 FT2232H will have to be used instead.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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111
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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112 1.3. Tango module signal bring-out trade-offs
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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113
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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114 The complete set of signals coming out of FC Tango module via its 80-pin system
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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115 interface connector is very rich, with most Calypso and Iota chipset signals
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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116 included. Caramel-type boards (iWOW DSK and FC Caramel2) make all of these
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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117 signals accessible for play, with most of them going to the expansion interface
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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118 on a 56-pin header - but these boards cannot compete for the lowest possible
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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119 cost market niche. Therefore, a board that is intended to compete with the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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120 Horribilis board of OS#4030 on the metric of cost needs to be reduced in scope,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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121 giving up advanced capabilities of FC Tango and providing only basic, modem-type
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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122 GSM MS functionality.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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123
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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124 Out of the rich signal set coming out of FC Tango, only two non-essential
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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125 interfaces are brought out on FC Minnie: the main analog audio channel (see
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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126 section 2.7) and Calypso MCSI for digital audio (see section 2.8). Those who
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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127 are interested in additional Calypso+Iota chipset signals available on FC Tango
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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128 will need to use a Caramel2 board, for as long as those remain in surplus, to be
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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129 succeeded later by another board tentatively named EvaTango, following TI's
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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130 original naming convention for component evaluation boards.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
131
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
132 2. Detailed design
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
133
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
134 2.1. Dual UART interface across power domains
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
135
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
136 2.1.1. Signals from FT2232H to Calypso
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
137
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
138 There are 4 signals that need to connect in this direction (names from host DTE
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
139 perspective): TxD, RTS, DTR and TxD2. If these signals were to be connected
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
140 directly between the two chips, there would be undesirable effects:
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
141
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
142 * FT2232H I/O operates at 3.3V; this voltage level is acceptable for Calypso I/O
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
143 pins (CAL000/A spec says VDDS + 0.5 V, accounting for the forward drop voltage
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
144 of clamping diodes inside the chip), but is not ideal.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
145
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
146 * The main issue is partial power-down scenario PPD1, defined in section 1.1.1.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
147 If the outputs of a powered USB-serial chip are connected directly to I/O pins
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
148 of an unpowered Calypso, current would feed from these outputs through Calypso
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
149 I/O clamping diodes into the Calypso+Iota chipset's V-IO rail. Series
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
150 resistors can limit this current to a safe value, but we now know through
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
151 experience that the only way to produce correct indicator LED behaviour is to
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
152 eliminate this wayward current completely.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
153
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
154 The solution is to insert an LVC buffer IC (either 74LVC125A or 74LVC541A) into
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
155 these 4 signal paths; this buffer IC needs to be powered from the Calypso+Iota
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
156 chipset's V-IO rail, which is brought out from FC Tango module. With this LVC
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
157 buffer and the Calypso chip's I/O ring powered by the same supply rail, there is
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
158 no power domain boundary at Calypso inputs, and instead this boundary is moved
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
159 to the inputs of the LVC buffer. Unlike Calypso and other common ASICs, LVC
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
160 logic ICs have special input and output structures that are specifically
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
161 designed for PPD applications, with a guaranteed very low Ioff spec. LVC logic
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
162 family is also specifically designed to tolerate input voltages higher than the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
163 IC's own supply, up to 5V - thus our 3.3V is well within safe design margins.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
164
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
165 Buffer-translated DTR signal will go to Calypso GPIO3 per conventions of TI,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
166 iWOW and FreeCalypso. A 2.2 kOhm series resistor can be inserted in this path,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 solely to protect the hardware from software misconfiguration, in case someone
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
168 erroneously configures this Calypso GPIO as an output.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
169
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
170 No pull resistors will be placed on the nets running from FT2232H outputs to
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
171 LVC buffer inputs. In erroneous scenario PPD2 all LVC buffer inputs in this
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
172 direction and thus all Calypso UART inputs will sense logic low: LVC buffer
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
173 inputs appear at first glance to be floating, but they cannot reach anywhere
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
174 near the switching threshold, as any accumulated stray voltages will discharge
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
175 toward GND through the unpowered FT2232H chip's clamping diodes.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
176
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177 Having Calypso UART inputs sense low rather than high is not desirable, but
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
178 scenario PPD2 can only be an error case on this board, hence there is no
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
179 justification to expend more components and PCB real estate on a more
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
180 complicated circuit design (see FC Venus for example) that would produce logic
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181 high levels at Calypso UART inputs in this scenario.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183 2.1.2. Signals from Calypso to FT2232H
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 There are 5 signals that need to connect in this direction (names from host DTE
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186 perspective): RxD, CTS, DCD, RI and RxD2. Just like in the case of signals
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 going the other way, connecting these signals directly between the two chips
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 would be problematic:
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
189
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 * Scenario PPD2: clamping diodes in the unpowered FT2232H chip will turn that
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
191 chip's inputs (driven by Calypso outputs) into shorts to GND, thus Calypso
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 outputs would be severely overloaded with high current flow. This scenario
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193 is an error condition, but because it is very easily caused, we would rather
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
194 not overstress the hw in this condition.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 * Scenario PPD1: experience with Caramel2 boards shows that pull-up resistors
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
197 on USB-UART inputs, including internal pull-ups inside FT2232x chips, can
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 sometimes leak enough current into the clamping diodes of directly connected
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
199 Calypso I/O pins to create visibly incorrect state on indicator LEDs.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
200
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201 The solution is to insert an LVC buffer IC (74LVC541A is needed here) into these
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 5 signal paths as well. Which supply should this buffer IC be powered from:
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203 Calypso V-IO or USB domain 3.3V? Either option is expected to solve the LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 problem in scenario PPD1 (no path for current from the USB domain to flow into
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 the V-IO rail), but other considerations differ:
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207 * If this LVC buffer is powered from Calypso V-IO, all FT2232H inputs will sense
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 logic high (from the chip's internal pull-ups) in scenario PPD1. However,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
209 the high current problem of scenario PPD2 is not only left unsolved, but made
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 potentially worse, as LVC buffers have much higher drive strength than Calypso
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211 outputs.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 * If this LVC buffer IC is powered from USB domain 3.3V rail, scenario PPD2 is
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 solved: the interface between power domains occurs at a point where outputs
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 from one domain hit Ioff-specified LVC buffer inputs in the other domain.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 However, in scenario PPD1 all FT2232H inputs will sense logic low rather than
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 high: the LVC buffers will sense logic low inputs by the same seemingly-
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 floating mechanism as in the previous section, and they will propagate this
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
219 logic low to FT2232H inputs.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
220
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221 Logic low at LVCMOS-level (as opposed to RS-232 levels) UART inputs means a
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 break condition on the data line and asserted state for all control signals.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 Having this state at host UART input when the target is unpowered and waiting
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224 to be switched on is counter to usual conventions, but creating the opposite
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
225 (more conventional) state in this scenario without causing any other problems
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
226 with the interdomain interface would require significant extra circuit
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
227 complexity, translating into extra cost. Thus breaking some customary
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
228 conventions about UARTs appears to be the appropriate compromise here.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
229
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
230 2.2. Indicator LEDs
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
232 There will be 3 indicator LEDs on FC Minnie board: one green, one yellow and
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 one red, described in the following sections.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
235 2.2.1. Green power-on status LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
237 FCDEV3B features a green LED that lights when the Calypso+Iota chipset is
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
238 switched on and goes out at other times. The way in which this LED is
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
239 implemented on FCDEV3B is completely impervious to wayward current feeding into
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
240 the V-IO rail, hence the issue of this current feeding from USB power domain
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
241 never caused a problem on that board. However, the method used on FCDEV3B
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
242 cannot be used on any board using a packaged modem module like iWOW-based Tango
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243 or Huawei GTM900: the internal signal used for LED control on FCDEV3B is not
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244 brought out by anyone.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
245
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
246 The plan for FC Minnie is to control the green LED with V-IO. Putting a LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
247 plus a series resistor directly between V-IO and GND (powering the LED from
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
248 V-IO) would be a bad idea: when the Calypso+Iota chipset enters superdeep sleep,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
249 the current budget of Iota regulator VRIO reduces to just 1 mA, which is too
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
250 little for a LED. The plan for FC Minnie is to control this LED with the same
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
251 "digital transistor" (BJT plus bias resistors) circuit as used for the PWL LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
252 on Caramel2 (see section 2.2.3), but with V-IO in the place of PWL signal.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
253 With 10 kOhm base resistor the load on V-IO is limited to 280 uA, yet the LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
254 (powered from raw VBAT) gets enough current to be visibly lit.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
255
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
256 In order for this plan to produce the desired result of this LED lighting when
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
257 the Calypso+Iota chipset is switched on and going out upon soft poweroff, there
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
258 must not be _any_ wayward current feeding into the V-IO rail from the USB power
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
259 domain by any path. The Mother's hope is that the buffer design of section 2.1
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
260 will work as intended and give us a reliable switch-on state indicator LED.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
261
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
262 2.2.2. Yellow CLK13M status LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
263
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
264 FC Caramel2 board introduced an innovation: a yellow LED that lights when CLK13M
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
265 (brought out on FC Tango) is running and goes out when this clock is stopped
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
266 (chipset off or in deep sleep), causing this LED to flash when standard
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
267 FreeCalypso firmware with all sleep modes enabled is in idle mode listening on
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
268 PCH. Unfortunately on some Caramel2 boards this LED would also light
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
269 erratically in scenario PPD1: when the V-IO rail rises above 0V as a result of
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
270 wayward current feeding while other Calypso power supplies are off, sometimes
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
271 Calypso outputs behave erratically, and some may unexpectedly drive high,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
272 causing LEDs to turn on.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
273
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
274 The plan is to replicate the CLK13M status LED circuit from Caramel2 verbatim
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
275 on FC Minnie; the hope is that the new design of section 2.1 will eliminate the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
276 problem of wayward V-IO feeding and the LED will become fully reliable.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
277
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
278 2.2.3. Red PWL LED
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
279
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
280 The remaining LED from FC Caramel2, a red LED controlled by Calypso PWL output,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
281 will also be copied verbatim on FC Minnie, and the same hope as in section 2.2.2
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
282 applies here too.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
283
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
284 Calypso PWL allows the intensity of light to be smoothly controlled by software,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
285 and standard FC firmware exports this control to the user in the form of AT@PWL
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
286 command. AT@PWL=0 turns this LED off, AT@PWL=255 turns it on at full
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
287 brightness, and all intermediate levels produce intermediate brightness.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
288
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
289 2.3. Target boot control
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
290
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
291 FC Tango module brings out PWON and RESET boot control signals, although no
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
292 RPWON. FC Minnie will provide both manual (tactile switches) and programmatic
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
293 boot control options. There will be two manually operated buttons on the board,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
294 PWON and RESET, and there will also be support for programmatic boot control
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
295 like on DUART28C.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
296
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
297 DUART28C-style host-based boot control mechanism repurposes otherwise unused
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
298 RTS and DTR outputs of FT2232x Channel B, the UART channel that goes to the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
299 data leads only Calypso debug UART. The circuit consists of a pair of OD
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
300 drivers packaged in one 74LVC2G07 chip, with RTS driving PWON and DTR driving
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
301 RESET.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
302
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
303 Correct operation with these circuit connections in place requires programming
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
304 a custom USB ID code into FT2232x EEPROM (see section 2.4) and patching the
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
305 Linux kernel ftdi_sio driver to apply a special quirk upon seeing this USB ID.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
306 An additional complication is that Linux USB and tty subsystem maintainers are
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
307 refusing to mainline this quirk-adding patch, thus end users need to apply this
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
308 patch on their own systems in an act of principled defiance against obstinent,
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
309 assinine and tyrannical maintainers.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
310
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
311 Because of these complications, this DUART28C-style boot control circuit needs
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
312 to be made optional. The simplest solution is a pair of jumpers: the net from
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
313 the OD driver on Channel B RTS to Tango PWON will pass through one user-
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
314 removable jumper (2.54 mm header pin pair with a removable shorting block), and
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
315 the net from the OD driver on Channel B DTR to Tango RESET will pass through
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
316 another such jumper.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
317
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
318 2.4. FT2232H USB subsystem details
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
319
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
320 The USB connector will be of mini-B type like on all other classic development
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
321 boards targeting this hacker community; the circuit from this USB connector to
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
322 FT2232H chip will be as prescribed by FTDI. An external LDO regulator bringing
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
323 the bus-powering voltage from 5V down to 3.3V will need to be implemented, as
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
324 always required with FT2232H, and all components are then powered from this 3.3V
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
325 supply.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
326
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
327 The FT2232H subsystem will include a 93C46 EEPROM. FT2232H can work without an
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
328 EEPROM, but I as the Mother of FreeCalypso insist on always including this
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
329 configuration EEPROM. FC Minnie will need to have a custom USB ID programmed
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
330 in this EEPROM when the two remote boot control jumpers are installed, and with
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
331 both PID options the EEPROM will always be programmed with custom textual ID
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
332 strings, allowing the board to be recognized among other USB devices sharing
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
333 the same VID:PID.
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
334
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
335 2.5. RF plumbing
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
336
98
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
337 The RF interface on FC Tango module is a microcoaxial connector of a type
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
338 compatible with Hirose U.FL and Sunridge MCB2 series, but a GSM MS development
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
339 board needs to bring out its RF interface on an SMA female connector. The plan
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
340 for FC Minnie is to use the same approach as was successfully implemented on
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
341 FC Caramel2: a microcoaxial cable assembly from Sunridge that goes from an
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
342 MCB2G plug to an SMA connector that has PCB mounting legs only for mechanical
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
343 securement and grounding, while the RF signal never passes through the main PCB.
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
344
97
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
345 2.6. SIM socket
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
346
98
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
347 The SIM 2FF socket on FC Minnie will be of the same hinged type as featured on
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
348 FCDEV3B and Caramel2 boards. The placement and orientation of this socket on
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
349 the board will need to be chosen so that it will work conveniently with SIMtrace
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
350 FPC cables; FCDEV3B is good in this regard, but Caramel2 is not.
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
351
97
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
352 2.7. Analog audio
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
353
98
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
354 Only the main analog audio channel will be brought out, not auxiliary. The main
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
355 audio channel will be brought out on a 2.5 mm TRRS jack in the pinout that was
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
356 originally established by iWOW with their DSK and has since been adopted by
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
357 FreeCalypso, same as on FC Caramel2. FreeCalypso HQ has a large batch of
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
358 FC-HDS4 headsets that have been custom-made for us in this pinout, hence it
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
359 makes no sense to implement any other arrangement.
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
360
97
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
361 2.8. Digital audio
269b330ac428 minnie/doc/Design-spec: beginning of document
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
362
98
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
363 Calypso MCSI is a PCM interface to the DSP part of Calypso that can be
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
364 configured (using the standard facilities of DSP ROM code plus TI's official
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
365 patches) to carry digital voice during calls, in 13-bit linear PCM sample
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
366 format, 8000 samples per second. This interface was first brought out and
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
367 experimented with on FCDEV3B, but it is also brought out on FC Tango module.
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
368 This interface will be brought out on FC Minnie board on a 5-pin header, in the
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
369 same pinout as on FCDEV3B.
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
370
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
371 The Mother of FreeCalypso has a plan to produce a gateware design for the common
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
372 Lattice iCEstick FPGA board that will turn this Icestick into an interface
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
373 adapter for Calypso PCM voice, ferrying digital PCM samples to and from a Linux
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
374 host by way of FT2232H UART channel on the Icestick itself. In this plan the
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
375 PCM interface will be connected with jumper wires directly from the Icestick
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
376 board to the MCSI header on FCDEV3B, FC Minnie or FC Caramel2.
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
377
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
378 3. Production notes
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
379
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
380 3.1. Manufacturing and test process overview
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
381
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
382 FC Minnie boards will be assembled at Technotronix in Anaheim, California, USA
3ab69117b09f minnie/doc/Design-spec: finished in the first pass
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 97
diff changeset
383 and then production-tested at FreeCalypso HQ. The assembly performed at
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384 Technotronix will include permanent mounting of a Tango module onto each Minnie
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385 board, whereas the subsequent production test process at FreeCalypso HQ will
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386 include the following steps:
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387
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388 * FT2232H EEPROM programming;
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389 * Loading FreeCalypso firmware into Tango module flash;
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390 * Preening FFS for FC Tango firmware and for FC Minnie pinmux config;
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391 * Testing the GSM RF tract in all 4 bands with a CMU200;
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392 * Testing the SIM socket by inserting an FCSIM1 card and verifying correct
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393 SIM communication;
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394 * Testing the analog audio interface by inserting an FC-HDS4 headset and
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395 commanding the firmware to generate a beep;
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396 * Other minor hardware tests as feasible.
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397
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398 3.2. Permanent coupling of Minnie board and Tango module
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399
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400 FC Tango modules are not meant to be casually swappable once mounted on an
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401 application board such as FC Minnie:
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402
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403 * The module features 4 grounding legs which must be soldered; these grounding
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404 legs are essential, as they carry power supply return current during GSM Tx
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405 bursts. The need for soldering and desoldering should already be seen as a
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406 deterrent to casual (unnecessary, just for the heck of it) module swapping,
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407 but given that many hackers have absolutely no difficulty with soldering,
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408 other factors should be considered too:
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409
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410 * The fine-pitch board-to-board connector with 80 pins is extremely delicate,
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411 and can be easily damaged by unnecessary mating and unmating cycles;
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412
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413 * The microcoaxial connector for the RF interface is likewise very delicate and
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414 subject to the same considerations.
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415
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416 If a *legitimate* need to remove and replace the Tango module does arise (for
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417 example, if some component inside the module goes bad and you need to either
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418 repair or replace the Tango module), it can certainly be done - but it should
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419 NOT be done casually, just for the heck of it.