FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-tools
annotate doc/Loadtools-usage @ 909:1e9fe07f8f09
doc/Voice-memo-utils: new article
author | Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org> |
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date | Thu, 29 Dec 2022 21:03:11 +0000 |
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1 The loadtools subset of FreeCalypso host tools consists of: |
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2 |
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low |
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in |
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent |
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka |
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt |
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most |
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the |
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory. |
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11 |
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers |
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or |
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the |
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru |
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded |
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17 target code. |
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18 |
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19 The currently supported target devices are: |
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20 |
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21 1) All Calypso devices (preferably with Iota ABB so we can cleanly power off |
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22 after we are done) that have Calypso boot ROM (version 0200 or 0300) enabled |
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23 by nIBOOT strapping on the board. This category includes TI and FreeCalypso |
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24 development boards, several modems (Openmoko GTA01/02, Huawei GTM900, Tango) |
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25 and other devices. |
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26 |
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27 2) Motorola C1xx and Sony Ericsson J100 phones made by Compal: these phones do |
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28 NOT have Calypso boot ROM enabled, but they provide a different way of |
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29 gaining serial code download access which is supported by our tools. |
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30 |
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31 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to |
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32 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware |
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33 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of |
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34 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools, |
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35 normally in /opt/freecalypso/target-bin: |
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36 |
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37 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when |
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38 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its |
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39 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one |
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40 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso |
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41 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the |
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42 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool |
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43 supports different target devices with different hardware |
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44 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as |
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45 appropriate. |
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46 |
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47 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to |
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48 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol |
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49 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM |
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50 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the |
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51 same way as on freedom-enabled devices. |
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52 |
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53 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-tools source |
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54 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain |
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55 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile |
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56 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use |
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57 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of |
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58 FreeCalypso host tools include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries. |
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59 |
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60 Basic usage |
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61 =========== |
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62 |
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63 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are |
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64 as follows: |
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65 |
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66 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that |
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67 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary |
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68 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears. If you are working with a target such as |
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69 FCDEV3B or D-Sample on which both Calypso UARTs are equally accessible with |
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70 equal convenience, you can arbitrarily pick either one for fc-loadtool - it |
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71 will work exactly the same through either port. |
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72 |
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73 2. Run fc-loadtool like this: |
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74 |
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75 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX |
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76 |
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77 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change |
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78 $TARGETOPT to: |
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79 |
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80 Device Needed options |
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81 ----------------------------------- |
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82 FreeCalypso FCDEV3B -h fcfam |
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83 FreeCalypso Tango -h gen8 (or -h fcfam) |
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84 Huawei GTM900 -h gen8 |
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85 iWOW TR-800 -h gen8 |
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86 Mot C11x/123 -h compal |
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87 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1004 |
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88 Mot C155/156 -h c155 |
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89 Mot V17x -h c155 |
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90 Mot W220 -h w220 |
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91 Openmoko GTA01/02 -h fic |
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92 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli |
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93 Sony Ericsson J100 -h compal -c 1004 |
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94 TI D-Sample -h dsample |
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95 TI Leonardo -h leonardo |
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96 |
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97 Please refer to the Loadtool-targets article for more information about -h |
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98 targets. |
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99 |
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100 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. TI/Openmoko/FreeCalypso |
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101 and other sensible targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will |
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102 interrupt and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons |
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103 which fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have |
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104 this boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware |
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105 includes a flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of |
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106 interrupting the boot path and loading code over the serial line; |
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107 fc-loadtool will be set up to speak the latter protocol when run with the |
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108 corresponding options from the table above. |
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109 |
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110 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first |
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111 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device, |
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112 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands. |
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113 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type |
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114 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize |
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115 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by |
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116 reading the loadtool.help text file. |
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117 |
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118 fc-loadtool batch mode |
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119 ====================== |
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120 |
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121 In addition to the interactive mode described above, fc-loadtool can be used in |
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122 a scripted or batch mode where it makes contact with the target device as it |
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123 boots, interrupts and diverts the boot process to loadagent, executes a given |
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124 command or script, cleans up the target state as appropriate (usually powers |
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125 off) and exits. This mode is used by the FreeCalypso factory for initial flash |
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126 programming on the device production line, but it can also be used by end users |
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127 to install firmware updates in a more automated manner. |
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128 |
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129 To use the batch mode, specify an exec (command script), flash or flash2 command |
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130 on the fc-loadtool invokation command line after the target tty port name. For |
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131 backward compatibility, if only one extra argument (in the UNIX process argument |
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132 list sense) is given after the target tty port name, it is interpreted as the |
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133 name of the command script to execute, as if it was preceded by 'exec'. Only |
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134 flash and flash2 commands can be given directly without going through a script; |
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135 if you need to run other commands in batch mode, you will need to put them into |
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136 a script file. |
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137 |
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138 Command line options |
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139 ==================== |
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140 |
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141 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However, |
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142 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools: |
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143 |
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144 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec [2ndprog] |
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145 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog] |
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146 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport [batch command] |
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147 |
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148 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted |
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149 exceptions: |
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150 |
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151 -a /path/to/loadagent |
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152 |
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153 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the |
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154 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought, |
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155 overriding the compiled-in default. |
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156 |
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157 -b baud |
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158 |
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159 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate |
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160 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the |
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161 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the |
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162 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty |
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163 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud |
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164 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with |
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165 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud. |
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166 |
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167 -B baud (fc-loadtool) |
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168 |
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169 This option is specific to the batch mode of fc-loadtool, and has no |
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170 effect when no batch mode command script is specified on the command |
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171 line. In the batch mode this option commands a baud rate switch to be |
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172 performed before the command script is executed. |
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173 |
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174 -B baud (fc-xram) |
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175 |
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176 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be |
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177 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is |
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178 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud |
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179 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM |
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180 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to |
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181 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B |
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182 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image |
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183 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that |
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184 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed |
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185 with the -r option. |
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186 |
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187 -c <compalstage flavor> |
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188 |
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189 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to |
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190 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso |
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191 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to |
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192 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different |
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193 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks. |
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194 |
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195 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware |
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196 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given |
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197 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal |
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198 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM |
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199 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies |
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200 compal-stage. |
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201 |
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202 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary |
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203 |
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204 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used |
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205 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative) |
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206 without checking or alteration. |
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207 |
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208 -h hwtype |
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209 |
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210 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific |
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211 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs |
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212 a pathname of the form /opt/freecalypso/loadtools/%s.config, where %s |
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213 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware |
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214 parameter file. |
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215 |
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216 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso |
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217 loadtools are listed in the Loadtool-targets article. |
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218 |
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219 -H /path/to/hwparam-file |
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220 |
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221 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used |
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222 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative) |
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223 without alteration. |
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224 |
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225 -i num |
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226 |
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227 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval |
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228 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot |
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229 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso |
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230 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms. |
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231 |
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232 -j |
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233 |
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234 This option is specific to fc-xram; it selects the special JTAG mode. |
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235 In this mode the jump command to start executing the loaded image is |
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236 skipped and the target is left in loadagent, allowing the developer to |
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237 connect via JTAG, halt the ARM7 core, set whatever breakpoints or |
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238 watchpoints are needed and resume at the image start address. |
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239 |
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240 -P <boot control name> |
209
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241 |
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242 This option is common for all utilities in the loadtools suite; it |
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243 tells the tools to perform target boot control as described in the |
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244 Target-boot-control article. |
209
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245 |
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246 -r baud (fc-loadtool) |
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247 |
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248 This option is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its |
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249 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target |
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250 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is |
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251 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate. |
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252 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this |
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253 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and |
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254 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the |
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255 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the |
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256 beginning. |
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257 |
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258 -r baud (fc-xram) |
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259 |
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260 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud |
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261 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped |
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262 to; the default is 115200 baud. |
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263 |
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264 -t num |
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265 |
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266 This option is common for all utilities in the loadtools suite; it sets |
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267 the timeout to be applied to the wait for the Calypso boot ROM response. |
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268 Normally the tools wait forever for the Calypso boot ROM to respond to |
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269 the interrupt-boot beacons that are being sent continuously at the |
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270 interval set with -i; this -t option sets a timeout in ms instead. |
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271 This option is intended for automated (unattended) environments where |
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272 it is used together with some kind of target boot control, either -P or |
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273 external. |
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274 |
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275 fc-iram & fc-xram 2nd program invokation |
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276 ======================================== |
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277 |
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278 Our fc-iram and fc-xram utilities can take two possible actions after they have |
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279 loaded the specified S-record image into RAM: |
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280 |
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281 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is |
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282 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode. |
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283 |
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284 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial |
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285 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended |
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286 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump |
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287 from the FreeCalypso host tools suite, not for launching any arbitrary |
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288 3rd-party programs from fc-xram or fc-iram. |
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289 |
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290 This feature was originally implemented in fc-xram only, and the intended usage |
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291 scenario is that one builds a version of one of our FreeCalypso GSM firmwares |
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292 (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the ramImage |
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293 configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target device, |
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294 and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken over by |
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295 rvinterf or rvtdump. |
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296 |
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297 This second program invokation capability was later extended to fc-iram for no |
416
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298 purpose other than to facilitate a boot hack that was only needed on one (1) |
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299 defective FCDEV3B board - see the Flash-boot-wa article. |