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doc: new Loadtool-targets article
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Sat, 01 Feb 2020 22:17:04 +0000
parents e9d3fd3389e6
children f3af56eac3f4
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1 The loadtools subset of FreeCalypso host tools consists of:
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2
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory.
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11
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded
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17 target code.
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18
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19 The currently supported target devices are:
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20
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21 1) All Calypso devices (preferably with Iota ABB so we can cleanly power off
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22 after we are done) that have Calypso boot ROM (version 0200 or 0300) enabled
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23 by nIBOOT strapping on the board. This category includes TI and FreeCalypso
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24 development boards, several modems (Openmoko GTA01/02, Huawei GTM900, Tango)
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25 and other devices.
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26
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27 2) Motorola C1xx and Sony Ericsson J100 phones made by Compal: these phones do
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28 NOT have Calypso boot ROM enabled, but they provide a different way of
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29 gaining serial code download access which is supported by our tools.
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31 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to
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32 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware
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33 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of
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34 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools,
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35 normally in /opt/freecalypso/target-bin:
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36
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37 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when
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38 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its
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39 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one
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40 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso
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41 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the
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42 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool
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43 supports different target devices with different hardware
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44 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as
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45 appropriate.
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46
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47 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to
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48 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol
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49 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM
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50 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the
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51 same way as on freedom-enabled devices.
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52
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53 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-tools source
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54 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain
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55 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile
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56 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use
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57 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of
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58 FreeCalypso host tools include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries.
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59
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60 Basic usage
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61 ===========
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62
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63 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are
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64 as follows:
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65
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66 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that
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67 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary
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68 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears. If you are working with a target such as
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69 FCDEV3B or D-Sample on which both Calypso UARTs are equally accessible with
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70 equal convenience, you can arbitrarily pick either one for fc-loadtool - it
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71 will work exactly the same through either port.
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72
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73 2. Run fc-loadtool like this:
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74
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75 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX
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76
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77 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change
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78 $TARGETOPT to:
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79
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80 Device Needed options
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81 -----------------------------------
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82 FreeCalypso FCDEV3B -h fcfam
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83 Huawei GTM900 -h gen8
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84 Mot C11x/123 -h compal
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85 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1004
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86 Mot C155/156 -h c155
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87 Mot W220 -h w220
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88 Openmoko GTA01/02 -h fic
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89 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli
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90 Sony Ericsson J100 -h compal -c 1004
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91 TI D-Sample -h dsample
556
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92 TI Leonardo -h leonardo
562
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93 Tango modem -h gen8
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94
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95 Please refer to the Loadtool-targets article for more information about -h
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96 targets.
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97
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98 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. TI/Openmoko/FreeCalypso
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99 and other sensible targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will
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100 interrupt and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons
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101 which fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have
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102 this boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware
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103 includes a flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of
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104 interrupting the boot path and loading code over the serial line;
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105 fc-loadtool will be set up to speak the latter protocol when run with the
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106 corresponding options from the table above.
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107
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108 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first
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109 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device,
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110 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands.
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111 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type
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112 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize
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113 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by
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114 reading the loadtool.help text file.
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115
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116 fc-loadtool batch mode
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117 ======================
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118
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119 In addition to the interactive mode described above, fc-loadtool can be used in
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120 a scripted or batch mode where it makes contact with the target device as it
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121 boots, interrupts and diverts the boot process to loadagent, executes a given
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122 command script, cleans up the target state as appropriate (usually powers off)
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123 and exits. This mode is used by the FreeCalypso factory for initial flash
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124 programming on the device production line, but it can also be used by end users
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125 to install firmware updates in a more automated manner.
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126
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127 The batch mode is entered when there is a command script given on the
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128 fc-loadtool invokation command line.
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129
209
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130 Command line options
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131 ====================
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132
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133 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However,
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134 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools:
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135
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136 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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137 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog]
236
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138 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport [batch-script]
209
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139
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140 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted
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141 exceptions:
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142
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143 -a /path/to/loadagent
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144
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145 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the
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146 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought,
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147 overriding the compiled-in default.
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148
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149 -b baud
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150
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151 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate
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152 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the
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153 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the
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154 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty
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155 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud
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156 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with
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157 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud.
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158
236
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159 -B baud (fc-loadtool)
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160
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161 This option is specific to the batch mode of fc-loadtool, and has no
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162 effect when no batch mode command script is specified on the command
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163 line. In the batch mode this option commands a baud rate switch to be
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164 performed before the command script is executed.
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165
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166 -B baud (fc-xram)
209
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167
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168 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be
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169 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is
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170 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud
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171 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM
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172 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to
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173 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B
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174 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image
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175 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that
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176 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed
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177 with the -r option.
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178
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179 -c <compalstage flavor>
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180
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181 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to
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182 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso
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183 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to
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184 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different
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185 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks.
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186
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187 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware
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188 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given
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189 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal
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190 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM
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191 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies
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192 compal-stage.
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193
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194 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary
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195
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196 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used
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197 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative)
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198 without checking or alteration.
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199
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200 -h hwtype
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201
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202 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific
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diff changeset
203 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs
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204 a pathname of the form /opt/freecalypso/loadtools/%s.config, where %s
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205 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware
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diff changeset
206 parameter file.
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207
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208 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso
568
a97d96e0fc5c doc: new Loadtool-targets article
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diff changeset
209 loadtools are listed in the Loadtool-targets article.
209
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210
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211 -H /path/to/hwparam-file
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212
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213 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used
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214 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative)
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diff changeset
215 without alteration.
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216
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217 -i num
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218
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219 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval
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220 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot
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diff changeset
221 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso
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diff changeset
222 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms.
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223
537
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diff changeset
224 -j
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parents: 524
diff changeset
225
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diff changeset
226 This option is specific to fc-xram; it selects the special JTAG mode.
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parents: 524
diff changeset
227 In this mode the jump command to start executing the loaded image is
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parents: 524
diff changeset
228 skipped and the target is left in loadagent, allowing the developer to
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diff changeset
229 connect via JTAG, halt the ARM7 core, set whatever breakpoints or
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diff changeset
230 watchpoints are needed and resume at the image start address.
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diff changeset
231
209
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232 -n
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diff changeset
233
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234 This option does anything only when loadtools have been compiled to run
215
1a658ab756fe doc/Loadtools-on-GTA0x article added, replacing the corresponding section
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diff changeset
235 on GTA0x AP (see the Loadtools-on-GTA0x article). If you've compiled
209
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236 loadtools with the -DGTA0x_AP_BUILD option, it has an effect of making
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diff changeset
237 each tool automatically toggle the modem power control upon startup,
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diff changeset
238 removing the need for manual sequencing of the Calypso boot process.
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239 This -n option suppresses that action, making the AP build behave like
5433349a6e2c doc/Loadtools-usage: replacing loadtools/README
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diff changeset
240 the standard build in this regard.
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241
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diff changeset
242 -r baud (fc-loadtool)
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diff changeset
243
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diff changeset
244 This option is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its
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diff changeset
245 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target
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diff changeset
246 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is
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diff changeset
247 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate.
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248 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this
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249 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and
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250 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the
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251 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the
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252 beginning.
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253
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254 -r baud (fc-xram)
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255
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256 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud
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257 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped
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258 to; the default is 115200 baud.
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259
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260 fc-iram & fc-xram 2nd program invokation
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261 ========================================
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262
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263 Our fc-iram and fc-xram utilities can take two possible actions after they have
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264 loaded the specified S-record image into RAM:
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265
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266 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is
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267 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode.
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268
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269 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial
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270 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended
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271 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump
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272 from the FreeCalypso host tools suite, not for launching any arbitrary
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273 3rd-party programs from fc-xram or fc-iram.
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274
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275 This feature was originally implemented in fc-xram only, and the intended usage
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276 scenario is that one builds a version of one of our FreeCalypso GSM firmwares
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277 (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the ramImage
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278 configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target device,
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279 and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken over by
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280 rvinterf or rvtdump.
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281
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282 This second program invokation capability was later extended to fc-iram for no
416
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283 purpose other than to facilitate a boot hack that was only needed on one (1)
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284 defective FCDEV3B board - see the Flash-boot-wa article.