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annotate doc/Loadtools-usage @ 926:6a0aa8d36d06

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rvinterf backslash escape: introduce libprint The new helper function library named libprint is meant to replace the badly misnamed libg23, and will soon contain functions for printing all of the same kinds of GPF TST packets that are now handled in libg23. However, we are also moving safe_print_trace() from libasync to this new library, and changing it to emit our new backslash escape format.
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Tue, 23 May 2023 03:47:46 +0000
parents 81f4b8722206
children 343552c6c621
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1 The loadtools subset of FreeCalypso host tools consists of:
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2
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory.
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11
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded
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17 target code.
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18
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19 The currently supported target devices are:
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20
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21 1) All Calypso devices (preferably with Iota ABB so we can cleanly power off
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22 after we are done) that have Calypso boot ROM (version 0200 or 0300) enabled
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23 by nIBOOT strapping on the board. This category includes TI and FreeCalypso
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24 development boards, several modems (Openmoko GTA01/02, Huawei GTM900, Tango)
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25 and other devices.
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26
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27 2) Motorola C1xx and Sony Ericsson J100 phones made by Compal: these phones do
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28 NOT have Calypso boot ROM enabled, but they provide a different way of
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29 gaining serial code download access which is supported by our tools.
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31 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to
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32 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware
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33 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of
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34 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools,
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35 normally in /opt/freecalypso/target-bin:
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36
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37 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when
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38 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its
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39 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one
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40 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso
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41 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the
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42 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool
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43 supports different target devices with different hardware
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44 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as
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45 appropriate.
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46
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47 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to
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48 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol
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49 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM
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50 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the
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51 same way as on freedom-enabled devices.
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52
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53 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-tools source
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54 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain
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55 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile
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56 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use
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57 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of
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58 FreeCalypso host tools include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries.
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59
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60 Basic usage
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61 ===========
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62
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63 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are
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64 as follows:
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65
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66 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that
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67 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary
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68 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears. If you are working with a target such as
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69 FCDEV3B or D-Sample on which both Calypso UARTs are equally accessible with
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70 equal convenience, you can arbitrarily pick either one for fc-loadtool - it
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71 will work exactly the same through either port.
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72
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73 2. Run fc-loadtool like this:
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74
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75 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX
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76
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77 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change
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78 $TARGETOPT to:
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79
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80 Device Needed options
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81 -----------------------------------
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82 FreeCalypso FCDEV3B -h fcfam
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83 FreeCalypso Tango -h gen8 (or -h fcfam)
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84 Huawei GTM900 -h gen8
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85 iWOW TR-800 -h gen8
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86 Mot C11x/123 -h compal
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87 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1004
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88 Mot C155/156 -h c155
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89 Mot V17x -h c155
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90 Mot W220 -h w220
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91 Openmoko GTA01/02 -h fic
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92 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli
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93 Sony Ericsson J100 -h compal -c 1004
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94 Sony Ericsson K2x0 -h fcfam
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95 TI D-Sample -h dsample
556
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96 TI Leonardo -h leonardo
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97
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98 Please refer to the Loadtool-targets article for more information about -h
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99 targets.
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100
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101 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. TI/Openmoko/FreeCalypso
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102 and other sensible targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will
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103 interrupt and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons
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104 which fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have
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105 this boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware
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106 includes a flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of
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107 interrupting the boot path and loading code over the serial line;
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108 fc-loadtool will be set up to speak the latter protocol when run with the
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109 corresponding options from the table above.
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110
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111 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first
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112 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device,
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113 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands.
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114 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type
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115 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize
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116 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by
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117 reading the loadtool.help text file.
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118
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119 fc-loadtool batch mode
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120 ======================
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121
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122 In addition to the interactive mode described above, fc-loadtool can be used in
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123 a scripted or batch mode where it makes contact with the target device as it
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124 boots, interrupts and diverts the boot process to loadagent, executes a given
687
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125 command or script, cleans up the target state as appropriate (usually powers
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126 off) and exits. This mode is used by the FreeCalypso factory for initial flash
236
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127 programming on the device production line, but it can also be used by end users
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128 to install firmware updates in a more automated manner.
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129
687
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130 To use the batch mode, specify an exec (command script), flash or flash2 command
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131 on the fc-loadtool invokation command line after the target tty port name. For
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132 backward compatibility, if only one extra argument (in the UNIX process argument
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133 list sense) is given after the target tty port name, it is interpreted as the
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134 name of the command script to execute, as if it was preceded by 'exec'. Only
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135 flash and flash2 commands can be given directly without going through a script;
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136 if you need to run other commands in batch mode, you will need to put them into
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137 a script file.
236
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138
209
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139 Command line options
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140 ====================
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141
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142 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However,
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143 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools:
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144
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145 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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146 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog]
687
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147 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport [batch command]
209
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148
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149 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted
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150 exceptions:
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151
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152 -a /path/to/loadagent
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153
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154 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the
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155 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought,
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156 overriding the compiled-in default.
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157
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158 -b baud
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159
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160 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate
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161 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the
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162 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the
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163 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty
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164 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud
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165 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with
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166 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud.
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167
236
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168 -B baud (fc-loadtool)
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169
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170 This option is specific to the batch mode of fc-loadtool, and has no
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171 effect when no batch mode command script is specified on the command
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172 line. In the batch mode this option commands a baud rate switch to be
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173 performed before the command script is executed.
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174
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175 -B baud (fc-xram)
209
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176
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177 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be
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178 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is
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179 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud
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180 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM
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181 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to
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182 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B
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183 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image
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184 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that
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185 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed
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186 with the -r option.
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187
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188 -c <compalstage flavor>
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189
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190 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to
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191 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso
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192 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to
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193 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different
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194 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks.
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195
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196 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware
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197 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given
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198 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal
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199 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM
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200 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies
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201 compal-stage.
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202
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203 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary
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204
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205 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used
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206 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative)
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207 without checking or alteration.
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208
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209 -h hwtype
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210
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211 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific
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212 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs
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213 a pathname of the form /opt/freecalypso/loadtools/%s.config, where %s
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214 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware
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215 parameter file.
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216
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217 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso
568
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diff changeset
218 loadtools are listed in the Loadtool-targets article.
209
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219
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220 -H /path/to/hwparam-file
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221
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222 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used
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223 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative)
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224 without alteration.
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225
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226 -i num
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227
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228 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval
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229 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot
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230 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso
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diff changeset
231 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms.
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232
537
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diff changeset
233 -j
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diff changeset
234
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diff changeset
235 This option is specific to fc-xram; it selects the special JTAG mode.
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diff changeset
236 In this mode the jump command to start executing the loaded image is
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diff changeset
237 skipped and the target is left in loadagent, allowing the developer to
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diff changeset
238 connect via JTAG, halt the ARM7 core, set whatever breakpoints or
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diff changeset
239 watchpoints are needed and resume at the image start address.
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diff changeset
240
586
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diff changeset
241 -P <boot control name>
209
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242
586
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diff changeset
243 This option is common for all utilities in the loadtools suite; it
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244 tells the tools to perform target boot control as described in the
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diff changeset
245 Target-boot-control article.
209
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246
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247 -r baud (fc-loadtool)
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248
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249 This option is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its
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250 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target
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251 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is
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252 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate.
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253 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this
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254 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and
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255 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the
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256 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the
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257 beginning.
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258
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259 -r baud (fc-xram)
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260
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261 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud
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262 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped
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263 to; the default is 115200 baud.
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264
684
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265 -t num
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266
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267 This option is common for all utilities in the loadtools suite; it sets
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268 the timeout to be applied to the wait for the Calypso boot ROM response.
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269 Normally the tools wait forever for the Calypso boot ROM to respond to
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270 the interrupt-boot beacons that are being sent continuously at the
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271 interval set with -i; this -t option sets a timeout in ms instead.
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272 This option is intended for automated (unattended) environments where
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273 it is used together with some kind of target boot control, either -P or
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274 external.
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275
209
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276 fc-iram & fc-xram 2nd program invokation
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277 ========================================
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278
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279 Our fc-iram and fc-xram utilities can take two possible actions after they have
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280 loaded the specified S-record image into RAM:
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281
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282 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is
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283 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode.
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284
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285 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial
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286 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended
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287 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump
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288 from the FreeCalypso host tools suite, not for launching any arbitrary
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289 3rd-party programs from fc-xram or fc-iram.
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290
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291 This feature was originally implemented in fc-xram only, and the intended usage
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292 scenario is that one builds a version of one of our FreeCalypso GSM firmwares
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293 (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the ramImage
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294 configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target device,
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295 and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken over by
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296 rvinterf or rvtdump.
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297
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298 This second program invokation capability was later extended to fc-iram for no
416
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299 purpose other than to facilitate a boot hack that was only needed on one (1)
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300 defective FCDEV3B board - see the Flash-boot-wa article.