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annotate doc/Loadtools-usage @ 1011:6d9b10633f10

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etmsync Pirelli IMEI retrieval: fix poor use of printf() Bug reported by Vadim Yanitskiy <fixeria@osmocom.org>: the construct where a static-allocated string was passed to printf() without any format arguments causes newer compilers to report a security problem. Given that formatted output is not needed here, just fixed string output, change printf() to fputs(), and direct the error message to stderr while at it.
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Thu, 23 May 2024 17:29:57 +0000
parents 043bfc716f12
children 11391cb6bdc0
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1 The loadtools subset of FreeCalypso host tools consists of:
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2
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3 fc-loadtool The tool for operating on Calypso GSM devices at a low
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4 level. After "breaking" into the target GSM device in
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5 its boot process and getting FreeCalypso loadagent
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6 running on the target (out of Calypso internal RAM, aka
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7 IRAM), loadtool presents an interactive command prompt
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8 with commands for peeking and poking registers and most
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9 importantly, reading and writing any part of the
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10 device's non-volatile flash memory.
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11
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12 fc-iram & fc-xram These utilities are intended for FreeCalypso developers
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13 only. They load an S-record code image into IRAM or
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14 XRAM, respectively, induce a transfer of control to the
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15 loaded code, and then drop into a serial line pass-thru
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16 mode for the operator to interact with the thus loaded
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17 target code.
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18
556
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19 The currently supported target devices are:
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20
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21 1) All Calypso devices (preferably with Iota ABB so we can cleanly power off
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22 after we are done) that have Calypso boot ROM (version 0200 or 0300) enabled
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23 by nIBOOT strapping on the board. This category includes TI and FreeCalypso
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24 development boards, several modems (Openmoko GTA01/02, Huawei GTM900, Tango)
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25 and other devices.
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26
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27 2) Motorola C1xx and Sony Ericsson J100 phones made by Compal: these phones do
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28 NOT have Calypso boot ROM enabled, but they provide a different way of
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29 gaining serial code download access which is supported by our tools.
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30
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31 All tools in the FreeCalypso loadtools suite work by feeding pieces of code to
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32 the target device as it boots, preventing the booting of its regular firmware
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33 and diverting control to these externally-loaded code pieces. These pieces of
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34 ARM7 target code need to be installed on the host system running loadtools,
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35 normally in /opt/freecalypso/target-bin:
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36
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37 loadagent This is the "agent" code that runs on the target device when
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38 fc-loadtool is operating on it: loadtool carries out its
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39 operations by sending commands to loadagent. There is only one
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40 version of loadagent for all currently supported Calypso
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41 targets: loadagent does not access any resources outside of the
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42 Calypso chip itself unless commanded to do so, and loadtool
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43 supports different target devices with different hardware
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44 configurations by sending different commands to loadagent as
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45 appropriate.
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46
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47 compalstage For Compal phones only: a little piece of code that is fed to
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48 the original fw's bootloader via the serial download protocol
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49 provided by the latter; it re-enables the Calypso chip boot ROM
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50 and jumps to it, allowing our loadagent to be loaded in the
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51 same way as on freedom-enabled devices.
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52
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53 If you are working with a development snapshot of the freecalypso-tools source
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54 tree, you will need to compile and install a GNU cross-compiler toolchain
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55 targeting ARM7 (see ../toolchain) and then use that toolchain to compile
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56 loadagent and compalstage (see ../target-utils) before you can successfully use
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57 loadtools to operate on a target device. End-user oriented releases of
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58 FreeCalypso host tools include prebuilt loadagent and compalstage binaries.
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59
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60 Basic usage
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61 ===========
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62
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63 The steps for bringing up fc-loadtool to operate on a target Calypso device are
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64 as follows:
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65
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66 1. If you are using a USB serial adapter, or operating on a Pirelli phone that
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67 has one built in, connect the USB side first so that the necessary
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68 /dev/ttyUSB* device node appears. If you are working with a target such as
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69 FCDEV3B or D-Sample on which both Calypso UARTs are equally accessible with
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70 equal convenience, you can arbitrarily pick either one for fc-loadtool - it
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71 will work exactly the same through either port.
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72
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73 2. Run fc-loadtool like this:
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74
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75 fc-loadtool $TARGETOPT /dev/ttyXXX
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76
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77 Change /dev/ttyXXX to the actual serial port you are using, and change
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78 $TARGETOPT to:
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79
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80 Device Needed options
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81 -----------------------------------
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82 FreeCalypso FCDEV3B -h fcfam
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83 FreeCalypso Tango -h gen8 (or -h fcfam)
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84 Huawei GTM900 -h gen8
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85 iWOW TR-800 -h gen8
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86 Mot C11x/123 -h compal
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87 Mot C139/140 -h compal -c 1004
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88 Mot C155/156 -h c155
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89 Mot V17x -h c155
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90 Mot W220 -h chimei
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91 Openmoko GTA01/02 -h fic
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92 Pirelli DP-L10 -h pirelli
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93 Sony Ericsson J100 -h compal -c 1004
1002
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94 Sony Ericsson J120 -h chimei
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95 Sony Ericsson K2x0 -h fcfam
209
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96 TI D-Sample -h dsample
556
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97 TI Leonardo -h leonardo
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98
568
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99 Please refer to the Loadtool-targets article for more information about -h
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100 targets.
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101
209
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102 3. Cause the target device to execute its boot path. TI/Openmoko/FreeCalypso
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103 and other sensible targets have the Calypso boot ROM enabled, and will
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104 interrupt and divert their normal boot path when they "hear" the beacons
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105 which fc-loadtool will be sending down the serial line. Compal phones have
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106 this boot ROM disabled at the board level, but their standard firmware
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107 includes a flash-resident bootloader that offers a different way of
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108 interrupting the boot path and loading code over the serial line;
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109 fc-loadtool will be set up to speak the latter protocol when run with the
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110 corresponding options from the table above.
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111
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112 You will see messages showing fc-loadtool's progress with feeding first
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113 compalstage (if needed), then loadagent (always needed) to the target device,
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114 followed by some target-specific initialization done via loadagent commands.
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115 If all of the above succeeds, you will land at a loadtool> prompt. Type
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116 'help', and it will guide you from there. Alternatively, you can familiarize
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117 yourself with loadtool commands and operations without actually running it by
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118 reading the loadtool.help text file.
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119
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120 fc-loadtool batch mode
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121 ======================
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122
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123 In addition to the interactive mode described above, fc-loadtool can be used in
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124 a scripted or batch mode where it makes contact with the target device as it
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125 boots, interrupts and diverts the boot process to loadagent, executes a given
687
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126 command or script, cleans up the target state as appropriate (usually powers
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127 off) and exits. This mode is used by the FreeCalypso factory for initial flash
236
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128 programming on the device production line, but it can also be used by end users
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129 to install firmware updates in a more automated manner.
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130
687
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131 To use the batch mode, specify an exec (command script), flash or flash2 command
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132 on the fc-loadtool invokation command line after the target tty port name. For
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133 backward compatibility, if only one extra argument (in the UNIX process argument
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134 list sense) is given after the target tty port name, it is interpreted as the
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135 name of the command script to execute, as if it was preceded by 'exec'. Only
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136 flash and flash2 commands can be given directly without going through a script;
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137 if you need to run other commands in batch mode, you will need to put them into
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138 a script file.
236
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139
209
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140 Command line options
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141 ====================
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142
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143 The fc-loadtool command lines shown above will usually be sufficient. However,
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144 here is the complete command line description for all 3 tools:
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145
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146 fc-iram [options] ttyport iramimage.srec [2ndprog]
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147 fc-xram [options] ttyport xramimage.srec [2ndprog]
687
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148 fc-loadtool [options] ttyport [batch command]
209
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149
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150 The available options are common for all 3 utilities, with a few noted
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151 exceptions:
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152
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153 -a /path/to/loadagent
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154
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155 This option applies only to fc-loadtool and fc-xram. It specifies the
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156 pathname at which the required loadagent.srec image should be sought,
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157 overriding the compiled-in default.
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158
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159 -b baud
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160
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161 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the baud rate
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162 to be used when pushing the IRAM image to the Calypso boot ROM. In the
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163 case of fc-iram, the selected baud rate will be in effect when the
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164 loaded IRAM image is jumped to and fc-iram drops into the serial tty
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165 pass-thru mode; in the case of fc-loadtool, it will be the initial baud
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166 rate for communicating with loadagent, which can be switched later with
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167 the baud command. The default is 115200 baud.
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168
236
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169 -B baud (fc-loadtool)
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170
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171 This option is specific to the batch mode of fc-loadtool, and has no
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172 effect when no batch mode command script is specified on the command
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173 line. In the batch mode this option commands a baud rate switch to be
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174 performed before the command script is executed.
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175
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176 -B baud (fc-xram)
209
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177
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178 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the baud rate to be
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179 used when pushing the XRAM image to loadagent. If no -B option is
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180 specified, fc-xram will communicate with loadagent at the same baud
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181 rate that was used to load loadagent itself via the Calypso boot ROM
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182 download protocol, i.e., the rate selected with -b, defaulting to
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183 115200 baud if no -b option was given either. Neither -b nor -B
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184 affects the baud rate that will be in effect when the loaded XRAM image
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185 is jumped to and fc-xram drops into the serial tty pass-thru mode: that
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186 baud rate independently defaults to 115200 baud and can only be changed
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187 with the -r option.
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188
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189 -c <compalstage flavor>
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190
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191 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It directs the tools to
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192 perform the Compal loading stage before proceeding with the Calypso
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193 boot ROM serial protocol, and selects the "flavor" of compalstage to
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194 use. As you can see in the source, compalstage is built in 3 different
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195 versions, for different C1xx models which exhibit different quirks.
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196
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197 This option overrides the compal-stage setting given in the hardware
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198 parameter file selected with -h or -H; the -c or -C option must be given
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199 after -h or -H in order to take effect. -c none disables the Compal
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200 stage and causes the tools to proceed directly to the Calypso boot ROM
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201 phase, even on targets for which the hardware parameter file specifies
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202 compal-stage.
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203
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204 -C /path/to/compalstage-binary
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205
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206 This option is just like -c, except that the given argument is used
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207 directly as the compalstage binary file pathname (absolute or relative)
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208 without checking or alteration.
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209
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210 -h hwtype
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211
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212 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It selects the specific
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213 target device configuration to be used. More precisely, it constructs
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214 a pathname of the form /opt/freecalypso/loadtools/%s.config, where %s
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215 is the argument given to this option, and uses that file as the hardware
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216 parameter file.
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217
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218 The hardware configurations known to the present release of FreeCalypso
568
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diff changeset
219 loadtools are listed in the Loadtool-targets article.
209
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220
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221 -H /path/to/hwparam-file
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222
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223 This option is just like -h, except that the given argument is used
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224 directly as the hardware parameter file pathname (absolute or relative)
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225 without alteration.
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226
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227 -i num
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228
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229 This option is common for all 3 utilities. It specifies the interval
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230 in milliseconds at which the tool will send "please interrupt the boot
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231 process" beacons out the serial port, hoping to catch the Calypso
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diff changeset
232 internal boot ROM. The default is 13 ms.
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233
537
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diff changeset
234 -j
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diff changeset
235
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diff changeset
236 This option is specific to fc-xram; it selects the special JTAG mode.
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diff changeset
237 In this mode the jump command to start executing the loaded image is
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diff changeset
238 skipped and the target is left in loadagent, allowing the developer to
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diff changeset
239 connect via JTAG, halt the ARM7 core, set whatever breakpoints or
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diff changeset
240 watchpoints are needed and resume at the image start address.
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diff changeset
241
586
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diff changeset
242 -P <boot control name>
209
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243
586
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diff changeset
244 This option is common for all utilities in the loadtools suite; it
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245 tells the tools to perform target boot control as described in the
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246 Target-boot-control article.
209
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247
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248 -r baud (fc-loadtool)
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249
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250 This option is specific to fc-loadtool. It causes the tool to skip its
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251 normal steps of feeding loadagent and possibly compalstage to the target
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252 via special serial protocols, and instead assume that the target is
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253 already running loadagent, communicating at the specified baud rate.
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254 In other words, reattach to an already running loadagent. Use this
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255 option if your fc-loadtool session has been terminated ungracefully and
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256 you would like to reattach and resume, rather than forcibly reset the
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257 target by yanking and reinserting the battery and restart from the
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258 beginning.
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259
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260 -r baud (fc-xram)
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261
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262 This option is specific to fc-xram. It selects the serial line baud
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263 rate which should be set just before the loaded XRAM image is jumped
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264 to; the default is 115200 baud.
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265
684
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266 -t num
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267
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268 This option is common for all utilities in the loadtools suite; it sets
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269 the timeout to be applied to the wait for the Calypso boot ROM response.
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270 Normally the tools wait forever for the Calypso boot ROM to respond to
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271 the interrupt-boot beacons that are being sent continuously at the
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272 interval set with -i; this -t option sets a timeout in ms instead.
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273 This option is intended for automated (unattended) environments where
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274 it is used together with some kind of target boot control, either -P or
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275 external.
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276
209
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277 fc-iram & fc-xram 2nd program invokation
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278 ========================================
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279
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280 Our fc-iram and fc-xram utilities can take two possible actions after they have
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281 loaded the specified S-record image into RAM:
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282
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283 * The default action, in the absence of additional command line arguments, is
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284 to drop into a serial tty pass-thru mode.
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285
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286 * The alternative action is to invoke a 2nd program and pass the serial
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287 communication channel to it. This 2nd program invokation facility is intended
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288 primarily for passing the serial communication channel to rvinterf or rvtdump
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289 from the FreeCalypso host tools suite, not for launching any arbitrary
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290 3rd-party programs from fc-xram or fc-iram.
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291
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292 This feature was originally implemented in fc-xram only, and the intended usage
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293 scenario is that one builds a version of one of our FreeCalypso GSM firmwares
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294 (or some subset thereof, such as an "in vivo" FFS editing agent) in the ramImage
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295 configuration, fc-xram is used to load that ramImage into the target device,
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296 and then the serial communication channel (RVTMUX) is immediately taken over by
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297 rvinterf or rvtdump.
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298
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299 This second program invokation capability was later extended to fc-iram for no
416
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300 purpose other than to facilitate a boot hack that was only needed on one (1)
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301 defective FCDEV3B board - see the Flash-boot-wa article.