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tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Thu, 28 Nov 2024 02:53:59 +0000
parents ed314cc25b8d
children
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1 A series of experiments seeking to test CSD on the extant network of T-Mobile
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2 USA, to be performed while this network is still alive. The main objective is
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3 to test CSD calls between a single MS and analog (or PCMU-speaking) PSTN, rather
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4 than mobile to mobile.
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5
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6 All experiments detailed in the following sections were performed in 2024-11
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7 at the Mother's home base.
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8
70
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9 Test setup
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10 ==========
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11
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12 The test MS is an FCDEV3B with a legacy T-Mobile SIM. The AT command session
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13 will be driven through the dedicated UART, not the usual fc-shell, to enable
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14 full use of data functions. Rvinterf will still be used to capture logs; the
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15 following command needs to be issued in order to make the firmware emit traces
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16 indicating AT command activity:
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17
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18 sp MMI TRACECLASS 800050
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19
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20 Issue these two additional commands to trace the MMCM SAP between CC and MM
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21 entities of the protocol stack:
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22
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23 sp MM DUPLICATE CC PCO
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24 sp CC DUPLICATE MM PCO
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25
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26 The objective is to capture all CC protocol messages sent to and received from
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27 the network; tracing the exchange between CC and MM seems like the easiest way
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28 to accomplish this goal within our existing firmware architecture.
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29
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30 Experiment 1
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31 ============
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32
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33 In this experiment several MO CSD calls were made from the test MS to
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34 +13034944774, the number for USA taxpayer-funded NIST ACTS. Several modes were
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35 tested:
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36
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37 AT+CBST=7,0,1 -- TI GSM MS firmware default
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38 AT+CBST=7,0,0
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39 AT+CBST=6,0,0
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40 AT+CBST=4,0,0
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41 AT+CBST=2,0,0
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42
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43 Results were surprising:
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44
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45 * Transparent mode works beautifully at 9600 baud, as well as 4800 and 1200
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46 baud. Therefore, the previous hypothesis that CSD at 9600 baud no longer
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47 works as a result of GSM quality degradation or as a result of IP-fication of
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48 internal transports within USA PSTN is now disproven.
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49
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50 * Transparent mode at 2400 baud produced a different result: successful CONNECT
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51 followed by garbage and earlier disconnect, instead of 40 s of good ACTS
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52 output in other baud modes. Perhaps a defect in V.22bis implementation in
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53 the network IWF?
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54
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55 * All 3 data TCH modes were observed in L1 traces: TCH/F9.6, TCH/F4.8 and
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56 TCH/F2.4, and each of these produced a perfectly good data call in at least
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57 one mode.
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58
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59 * NT mode was only tested with AT+CBST=7,0,1 default, i.e., 9600 baud and asking
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60 the IWF for V.32 modem. As revealed by L1 and CC traces, the network does
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61 everything it should - but the MS returns NO CARRIER. However, further
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62 analysis of CC traces reveals that the DISCONNECT at CC level is initiated by
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63 the MS and not by the network! My current working hypothesis is that the MS
71
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64 is unhappy about something it sees at RLP level. [See further updates in
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65 Experiment 6.]
70
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66
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67 Additional observations:
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68
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69 * The MS issues a single SETUP message with BC indicating ITC of 3.1 kHz and the
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70 selected CSD mode. The network responds with CALL PROCEEDING, ALERTING and
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71 CONNECT in the same cadence as it would for a MO voice call. The timing of
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72 ALERTING message is consistent with my expectation of when PSTN plays the
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73 ringing tone, and the timing of CC CONNECT message is consistent with my
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74 expectation of when Answer Supervision occurs at PSTN level. The CC CONNECT
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75 step is reached in all tested modes, including the failing NT mode.
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76
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77 * The AT-command CONNECT response happens significantly later than CC CONNECT
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78 message. My current working hypothesis is that the network generates CC
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79 CONNECT when it gets Answer Supervision from PSTN just like it does for voice
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80 calls, well before modem connection sequence can happen. Perhaps the status
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81 of modem connection is then indicated via V.110 in-band flags, and perhaps
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82 the MS is using that in-band status to decide when to declare CONNECT.
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83
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84 * At the end of each call there was a network-initiated DISCONNECT with cause
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85 value 127 (interworking, unspecified) - but in this experiment there is
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86 insufficient information to tell if this action is initiated by the IWF upon
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87 loss of modem signal, or if it is merely passing along PSTN-level disconnect
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88 signaling from the called party. See Experiment 2.
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89
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90 Experiment 2
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91 ============
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92
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93 In this experiment several MO CSD call attempts were dialed from the test MS to
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94 Mother Mychaela's personal voice number on ThemWi; the latter is interconnected
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95 with USA PSTN via BulkVS. The objectives were: (1) to confirm the hypothesis
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96 about Answer Supervision on PSTN side being the criterion for signaling CC
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97 CONNECT to the MS, and (2) to hear what, if anything, the IWF transmits toward
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98 PSTN while waiting for modem connection.
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99
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100 Results:
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101
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102 * When I answered the call on the destination phone, I heard silence each time.
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103 The calling party received CC CONNECT signaling when I made that answer.
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104
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105 * In both tests where +CBST was set to 7,0,0 and I answered the call, the
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106 network (TMO) eventually ended the call, signaling cause 127 to the calling
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107 MS like in Experiment 1. (Thus we now know that it is the IWF taking this
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108 action, and not the called party hanging up at PSTN level.) In one of these
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109 two tests, there was a miraculous CONNECT response from the AT interpreter,
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110 some time well after Answer Supervision, but before the IWF-initiated
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111 disconnect. In the second test, there was no CONNECT response, only
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112 NO CARRIER at the time of IWF-initiated disconnect.
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113
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114 * In the test case where I didn't answer the destination phone (let the ringing
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115 time out), the calling MS received CC DISCONNECT message with cause 17 (user
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116 busy), as that is how PSTN middleboxes misinterpret SIP 480 error I return
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117 from ThemWi. The AT command interface generated BUSY response.
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118
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119 * In the final test case in this experiment series, I made the test call with
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120 +CBST=7,0,1 and answered the destination phone. The MS initiated DISCONNECT
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121 4 s after receiving CC CONNECT, just like it did when calling NIST ACTS.
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122
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123 Experiment 3
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124 ============
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125
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126 This experiment sought to observe how TMO GSM network handles MT calls from PSTN
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127 to a mobile subscriber, including the possiblity of MT CSD calls via AT+CSNS.
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128 An MT call was repeatedly dialed from Mother Mychaela's ThemWi phone to the test
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129 MS on TMO, with different AT+CSNS and AT+CBST settings established before each
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130 call attempt; logs were collected for subsequent analysis.
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131
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132 Observations:
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133
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134 * The initial SETUP message from the network to the MS contains _no_ bearer
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135 capability IE; the CALL CONFIRM response from the MS does include BC IE,
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136 filled with different content depending on AT+CSNS and AT+CBST settings.
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137
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138 * The network seems to always accept the BC supplied by the MS in that response,
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139 and assigns appropriate TCH type and mode.
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140
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141 * The PSTN caller hears the standard North American ringing tone while the MS
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142 emits RING messages on its AT command channel, subsequent to the MS sending
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143 CC ALERTING message to the network.
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144
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145 * When I answer the call with ATA, the MS sends CC CONNECT to the network, the
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146 PSTN caller gets Answer Supervision, and I hear modem answer tones from TMO's
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147 IWF.
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148
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149 * Only Transparent modes have been tested so far; the modem answer sequence
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150 heard by the PSTN caller depends on the specific modem emulation selected
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151 with AT+CBST. With AT+CBST=2,0,0 and AT+CBST=4,0,0 I heard a continuous (no
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152 phase reversals) V.25 ANS tone followed by a higher-pitched tone (presumably
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153 Unscramled Binary 1s signal of V.22), followed by disconnection; with
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154 AT+CBST=6,0,0 and AT+CBST=7,0,0 I heard a V.25 ANS tone *with* phase
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155 reversals, directly followed by disconnection (no AC tones).
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156
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157 Further tests were aborted (I didn't get to testing NT mode) because the network
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158 did something that caused the MS firmware (or perhaps the SIM) to go into a
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159 funky state; to be investigated as its own separate problem.
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160
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161 Experiment 4
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162 ============
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163
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164 In this experiment I used two of my legacy T-Mobile SIMs simulateneously: one
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165 in the FCDEV3B as in the preceding experiments, the other in a Pirelli DP-L10
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166 phone. The Pirelli phone ran RAM-based FC Tourmaline firmware during these
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167 tests. Test calls were dialed from the FCDEV3B to the Pirelli; the fw build
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168 running on the latter has CSD excluded, but the objective was to see the MT
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169 SETUP message as it arrives from the network, before destination MS firmware
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170 does anything with it.
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171
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172 Observation: _no_ BC IE was ever seen in the MT SETUP message, for both voice
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173 and data calls dialed from the other TMO subscriber line. It appears that all
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174 MO CSD calls were treated by the network in "convert to modem emulation" mode
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175 despite the dialed number being another T-Mobile line; the MT leg always
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176 received incoming voice calls.
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177
71
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178 Experiment 5
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179 ============
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180
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181 In this experiment I sought to capture TCH DL bits from the DSP in CSD modes in
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182 the same way how we do it in non-AMR speech modes. I added what seemed like
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183 the necessary support in FC Tourmaline fw (Hg commit 304:58c7961bd0b0) and in
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184 fc-shell TCH handling code (freecalypso-tools Hg commit 1014:961efadd530a), and
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185 made captures of CSD call sessions with +CBST set to (7,0,0), (6,0,0) and
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parents: 70
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186 (2,0,0). However, as soon as I looked at the captured recordings, I was
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187 immediately disappointed: while the beginning of each capture shows what look
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188 like DL bits constituting idle frames (mostly all 1s, except where disturbed by
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parents: 70
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189 FACCH stealing), as soon as the IDS block kicks in, we read nothing but all 0s.
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parents: 70
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190 Is the IDS part of DSP ROM code overwriting the buffer with zeros after it groks
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parents: 70
diff changeset
191 those bits?
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192
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193 Also in this experiment session I tried setting AT+CBST=14,0,0 to see if TMO
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194 supports TCH/F14.4. The network responded to SETUP with CALL PROCEEDING, but
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parents: 70
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195 whereas in other modes channel assignment happens almost immediately afterward,
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196 here it stayed on SDCCH for several seconds, and then the network sent CC
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197 DISCONNECT message with cause 34. This cause value means "No circuit/channel
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parents: 70
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198 available" - so it looks like TMO's unloved GSM network does not support
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diff changeset
199 TCH/F14.4.
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200
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201 Experiment 6
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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202 ============
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parents: 70
diff changeset
203
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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204 As I was writing up notes regarding what seemed like non-working state of NT
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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parents: 70
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205 mode while all Transparent modes up to 9600 bps work great, I decided to test
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parents: 70
diff changeset
206 with an older version of FC firmware, namely Magnetite l1reconst. In the
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
207 earlier years of FreeCalypso, I would frequently make CSD calls just for fun,
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
208 calling NIST ACTS, and it would always work - and being ignorant of T vs NT
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
209 and other mode settings, I never set AT+CBST and just dialed ATDnumber. Since
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
210 we now know that TI's firmware default is AT+CBST=7,0,1 and has always been
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
211 this way, we know that I was unknowingly exercising NT mode in those happy
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
212 years - hence I decided to try an older fw version from those years just to see
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
213 if it would have working NT mode. Tested - it worked!
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214
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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diff changeset
215 But then things got more interesting. I tested with Magnetite hybrid instead
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
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216 of l1reconst - using the new source-enabled version of G23M PS. Result: it
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
217 seemed a little flaky, but it worked. Then I went back to current Tourmaline
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parents: 70
diff changeset
218 fw, the same with which I started in Experiment 1. Did a call with
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
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219 AT+CBST=7,0,0 serving as a control - it worked. Tried AT+CBST=7,0,1 - got a
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
220 NO CARRIER response; subsequent log analysis shows that the MS initiated CC
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
221 DISCONNECT just like in Experiment 1. Then I made another attempt, still with
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parents: 70
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222 AT+CBST=7,0,1 - and this time it worked beautifully: I got CONNECT followed by
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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parents: 70
diff changeset
223 the full 40 s of ACTS output.
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
224
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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225 Thus we now know that NT mode working or not is not a question of firmware
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
226 version, but some kind of law of chance: time of day, space weather, phase of
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parents: 70
diff changeset
227 the moon...
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228
72
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229 Experiment 7
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
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diff changeset
230 ============
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
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diff changeset
231
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
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232 Earlier in Experiment 4 I observed that T-Mobile network does not pass through
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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233 CSD call indication: when I dialed CSD calls from subscriber line A to
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
234 subscriber line B, the destination MS would receive a voice call, while the
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
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235 calling side presumably invoked modem emulation IWF. Just for the sake of
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
236 completeness and due diligence, I decided to also test the case of ISDN-mode
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
237 CSD as opposed to modem emulation, i.e., ITC set ot UDI instead of 3.1 kHz. In
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
238 this experiment I dusted off two of my legacy T-Mobile SIMs that aren't my
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
239 "personal" one in the Pirelli DP-L10, put those two SIMs into a pair of FCDEV3B
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
240 boards, and powered up both FCDEV3Bs simultaneously. I then set AT+CBST=71,0,0
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
241 on both MS and tested dialing calls from one to the other in both directions,
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
242 both voice and CSD. Results:
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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243
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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244 * On voice calls, the destination MS once again received MT SETUP message
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
245 containing _no_ bearer capability IE.
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
246
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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247 * ISDN-mode CSD calls were rejected by the network. The MO call got as far as
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
248 CALL PROCEEDING message and channel assignment (the network assigned TCH/F9.6
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
249 to the MO leg), but then came a DISCONNECT message with cause 21 (call
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
250 rejected) and indicated location 0011 ("transit network").
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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251
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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252 * I didn't test analog-mode CSD, as that mode was already tested earlier in
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
diff changeset
253 Experiment 4.
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254
71
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255 NT mode: need for further debugging
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256 ===================================
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257
72
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258 (This section was written following Experiment 6.)
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259
71
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260 The flaky nature of NT mode calls for further debugging: since we see
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261 MS-initiated DISCONNECT on those tries when it fails, we really need to know
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262 exactly what is making the MS unhappy. But this debugging is made difficult by
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263 the misfeature of TI's DSP: in Experiment 5 I tried capturing TCH DL bits, but
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264 all we get is zero fill once the IDS block is active. As next steps, we will
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265 need to study the code that interfaces with this IDS block, and see what we can
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266 observe at that interface level.
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267
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268 T vs NT mode: utility vs complexity
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269 ===================================
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270
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271 Consider the IWF provided by the network, speaking CSD frame formats toward GSM
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272 RAN and emulating analog modem signals toward 64 kbit/s PSTN, and consider the
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273 work it has to do in T vs NT modes. It should be evident that NT mode is much
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274 more complex: all of the work implementing V-series modulations is still needed
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275 for both T and NT, but whereas T mode provides a direct path between the
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276 emulated-modem "bit pump" and CSD V.110 frame bits, in NT mode the IWF has to
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277 implement RLP on the GSM side, V.42 on the analog modem side, and make a high-
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278 level data connection between these two engines of reliable transmission based
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279 on acks, retries etc. Hence the "bug surface", the number of things that can
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280 go wrong, is much greater for IWF in NT mode.
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281
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282 OTOH, utility considerations traditionally called for NT mode. There are
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283 *some* applications for which non-buffering, fixed-delay Transparent mode is
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284 the right choice: precision time distribution as in NIST ACTS, train engine
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285 communication in GSM-R etc - but such applications are more on the boutique
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286 side. Instead consider the more typical application of a business user dialing
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287 into his/her mainframe or UNIX minicomputer etc account while on the go: here
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288 you have a user with a text terminal, and a server/service somewhere that prints
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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289 text for the user to read and expects text commands. In this case the user
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290 would certainly appreciate if his/her session is *not* disturbed by dropouts or
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291 garbage insertions from radio errors, from handover events or from line noise
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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292 on the PSTN leg - such users would certainly benefit from NT mode. Outside of
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293 railways or other special environments, considering ordinary public GSM networks
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294 intended for consumers and business users, in the days when CSD was a feature
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295 of real user significance, NT mode was likely the more desired one for reasons
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296 just explained. Yet it is the one which is much more onerous to implement...
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297
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298 Lack of data-call indication from one T-Mobile MS to another
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299 ============================================================
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300
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301 Looking at the specs for GSM CSD, the intent of the original Creators seems
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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302 clear: they intended CSD to run between an MS and services on the fixed network,
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303 perhaps going through an IWF. In contrast, the case of mobile-to-mobile CSD
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304 calls was NOT the canonical configuration - it was probably considered, but only
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
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305 as a rather contrived and unlikely use case. But if someone does make a CSD
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
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306 call addressed to another mobile, how should it work?
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307
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308 In order for a CSD call to be directly through-connected from Alice to Bob,
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parents: 70
diff changeset
309 Osmocom-style, without complex conversions and translations in the middle, two
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diff changeset
310 conditions would have to be met:
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311
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312 1) The connection element setting would have to be Transparent;
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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313 2) ISDN/UDI mode would need to be selected, rather than 3.1 kHz modem emulation.
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314
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315 In this case the MO call will be turned into V.110 by the TRAU, no further IWF
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316 would be applied at the MSC, the ISDN call would connect from Alice to Bob, the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
317 destination MSC serving Bob would see that it's a data call, and it would
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318 indicate so to Bob's MS. So far, so good. But the moment you add NT mode or
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319 analog modem emulation, the above pass-through model breaks down:
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320
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321 1) If the bearer cap IE on the MO call indicates ITC of 3.1 kHz audio instead
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parents: 70
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322 of UDI, Alice's MSC is supposed to pass the call through an IWF that does
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
323 modem emulation. Once that modem emulation is applied, the call going out
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324 on ISDN is in 3.1 kHz audio mode, not digital data!
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325
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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326 2) NT mode does not seem to have ever been intended to carry from mobile user
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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327 Alice to mobile user Bob - instead it appears to have been intended to run
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328 between a single MS and a network IWF only. The IWF then converts to V.42
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parents: 70
diff changeset
329 in the case of 3.1 kHz modem emulation, or to V.1xx/X.75/etc protocols in
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
330 the case of ISDN UDI, with or without V.42-like reliability through acks and
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
331 retransmissions.
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332
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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333 However, the above considerations stem from the architectural model _assumed_
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
334 in ETSI GSM specs - whereas the question of what real-world GSM networks have
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
335 actually implemented needs to be asked separately. In the case of T-Mobile USA,
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
336 the behavior of the network upon own-subscriber Alice making a CSD call to own-
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
337 subscriber Bob appears to have changed over the years:
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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diff changeset
338
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339 * In my earlier years of FreeCalypso work, when I made CSD calls from FC GSM MS
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
340 just for fun while being ignorant of T vs NT modes and other +CBST settings,
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parents: 70
diff changeset
341 I would call NIST ACTS to get a truly successful session. But I also
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
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parents: 70
diff changeset
342 experimented a little with mobile-to-mobile CSD. Unfortunately, I never put
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
343 together a proper setup with two FC GSM MS boards powered up and connected to
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
344 my laptop at the same time, fitted with two active T-Mobile SIMs, one calling
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
345 the other - but I did dial CSD a few times from a single "proper" GSM MS
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
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346 (probably FCDEV3B, although I don't remember exactly) to my main personal-use
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
347 T-Mobile line whose SIM sat in a Pirelli DP-L10 running its official fw.
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
348 I don't remember if I got this degree of success reliably every time or if it
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
349 was intermittent - but I did get an incoming call indication on the Pirelli
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
350 that said "incoming data" or something to that effect. I don't remember
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
351 exactly what happened afterward, but my vague recollection (subject to the
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
352 caveats about wetware memory after many years of attention being shifted in
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
353 very different directions) is that the phone would ring with this "incoming
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
354 data" indication on the screen, but once I pressed the Answer button, the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
355 call attempt would drop - and curiously enough, turn into a "missed call"
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
356 indication. I don't have good memory of what the call-originating FC GSM MS
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
357 would show: I seem to recall it going directly to NO CARRIER upon me pressing
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
358 Answer on the Pirelli, but I also seem to recall at least once getting a
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
359 CONNECT response, presumably followed by NO CARRIER shortly afterward.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
360
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
361 * In terms of memory reliability, the only part I do remember for certain is
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
362 that the call-receiving Pirelli phone (running its official fw) _did_ display
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
363 a "ringing" screen that said something along the lines of "incoming data" -
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
364 IOW, it very clearly indicated the presence of an incoming call that was data
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
365 rather than voice, even though of course this phone has no official Terminal
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
366 Adaptor Function and no ability to meaningfully accept such calls. This
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
367 indication implies that the MT SETUP message from the network must have
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
368 included a bearer cap IE that indicated non-speech - although unfortunately
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
369 I have no logs (back then I wasn't looking at CC or any other air interface
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
370 messages), thus we don't know if it was a pass-through of BC from the MO leg
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
371 or altered in some way. The remaining memories of everything else that
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
diff changeset
372 happened after this logically-deduced MT SETUP should be treated as
ed314cc25b8d tmo/CSD-tests: additional experiments and historical notes
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 70
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373 unreliable.
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374
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375 * When I tried replicating in the present time (2024-11) the just-described
72
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376 result from many years ago, I had no success: see description of Experiments
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377 4 and 7 above. Now when I dial a CSD call from one of my legacy T-Mobile
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378 SIMs to another, the receiving MS gets an MT SETUP message that contains no
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379 BC IE at all, same as with calls coming from outside PSTN, the call rings as
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380 voice, and gets assigned TCH/AHS like other speech calls. And because the
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381 modem-emulating CSD IWF in the MO direction initially emits silence while
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
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382 waiting for the answering modem, silence is what the receiving phone hears in
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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383 this errant setup. (The just-described behavior happens when ITC is set to
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
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parents: 71
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384 3.1 kHz on the MO CSD call; if I change it to UDI which I never tried in the
afebef67e8d4 tmo/CSD-tests: document Experiment 7
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents: 71
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385 past, the network rejects the MO call instead.)